The Chronicle: 2002 Technology Transfer: Universities that formed the most start-up companies

Tech-Transfer Scorecard

These are the highest-ranking institutions in various measures of performance in technology transfer. See Note for additional information.

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Universities that formed the most start-up companies
RANK	INSTITUTION	NUMBER
1	Massachusetts Institute of Technology	90
2	U of California System	82
3	Stanford U	65
4	California Institute of Technology	51
5	Washington Research Foundation, U of Washington	42
6	U of Utah	35
7	U of Minnesota	32
8	U of Georgia	30
9	U of Michigan	29
10	Johns Hopkins U	27
11	State U of New York Research Foundation	26
12	Pennsylvania State U	24
13	U of Pennsylvania	24
14	Columbia U	22
15	Iowa State U	22
16	U of Virginia Patents Foundation	22
17	U of Alabama, Birmingham	21
18	North Carolina State U	20
19	Rutgers U	20
20	U of South Florida	20
21	U of Southern California	20
22	Carnegie Mellon U	19
23	Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, U of Wisconsin, Madison	19
24	Georgia Institute of Technology	18
25	Purdue Research Foundation	18
26	U of Pittsburgh	18
27	Cornell Research Foundation	17
28	U of Illinois, Chicago and Urbana-Champaign	14
29	U of Texas, Austin	14
30	Yale U	13
31	Emory U	12
32	Texas A&M U System	12
33	Thomas Jefferson U	12
34	U of Arizona	12
35	U of Florida	12
36	Colorado State U	11
37	U of Iowa Research Foundation	11
38	U of Kentucky Research Foundation	11
39	Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties	11
40	New York U	10
41	U of Nebraska at Lincoln	10
42	Vanderbilt U	10
43	Washington U in St. Louis	10
44	Brown U Research Foundation	9
45	U of Chicago, ARCH Development Corp	9
46	U of Cincinnati	9
47	Arizona State U	8
48	Baylor College of Medicine	8
49	Brigham Young U	8
50	Michigan State U	8
51	Northwestern U	8
52	Princeton U	8
53	U of Massachusetts	8
54	Harvard U	7
55	U of Kansas	7
56	U of Maryland, College Park	7
57	U of North Carolina, Chapel Hill	7
58	U of Tennessee Research Corp.	7
59	Dartmouth College	6
60	Duke U	6
61	Florida State U	6
62	Oregon State U	6
63	U of Maryland at Baltimore	6
64	U of New Mexico Science & Technology Corp	6
65	Case Western Reserve U	5
66	Indiana U (Advanced Research Technology Institute)	5
67	Tufts U	5
68	U of Connecticut	5
69	U of Oregon	5
70	Wake Forest U	5
71	Brandeis U	4
72	Kansas State U Research Foundation	4
73	Kent State U	4
74	New Jersey Institute of Technology	4
75	Ohio State U	4
76	San Diego State U	4
77	U of Miami	4
78	U of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas	4
79	Clemson U	3
80	Mississippi State U	3
81	New York Medical College	3
82	Temple U	3
83	U of Delaware	3
84	U of Houston	3
85	U of Rochester	3
86	U of South Alabama	3
87	Wayne State U	3
88	East Carolina U	2
89	Michigan Technological U	2
90	Montana State U	2
91	Oregon Health Sciences U	2
92	Syracuse U	2
93	U of Arkansas at Fayetteville	2
94	U of Louisville	2
95	U of Rhode Island	2
96	Auburn U	1
97	Idaho Research Foundation, U of Idaho	1
98	Ohio U	1
99	Southern Illinois U at Carbondale	1
100	Tulane U	1
101	U of Akron	1
102	U of Dayton	1
103	U of Maine	1
104	U of Montana	1
105	Lehigh U	0
106	Loyola U Medical Center (Ill)	0
107	Medical College of Ohio	0
108	New Mexico State U	0
109	North Dakota State U	0
110	Oklahoma State U	0
111	U of Hawaii	0
112	U of Maryland, Baltimore County	0
113	U of New Hampshire	0
114	U of New Orleans	0
115	U of Texas Health Science Center, Houston	0
116	U of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio	0
117	Wright State U	0

Depending on the nature of the invention or the entrepreneurial interests of the inventors, some institutions, like MIT, prefer to license inventions to a start-up company, taking equity in the company as payment. Often the inventors hold a stake as well.

Number of inventions disclosed per $1-million spending on research

Number of U.S. patent applications filed per $1-million spending on research

Licenses and options executed relative to number of inventions disclosed

Licensing income per dollar of research spending

Average income per license

Universities that formed the most start-up companies

Number of start-up companies formed per $10-million spending on research

RELATED MATERIAL:

Browseable lists of licensing revenues and patent activity at universities, 1998-2000

SOURCE: Chronicle analysis
Research assistance by Matthew Bassow, Anne Millar Wiebe, and Seth Perry

Note: Data used for these charts come from the five most recent annual surveys conducted by the Association of University Technology Managers and cover 1996 through 2000. Only institutions that reported data in at least four of the five years were included. The charts are intended as a five-year snapshot, but in some cases, the activities in years not included in the data may affect the ratios. For example, a license executed in 1997 could have been based on a disclosure from 1994. An institution's ratios could also be affected if the surveys did not contain information for all categories in all years.