The Chronicle of Higher Education: Facts & Figures

From the issue dated January 30, 2004


FRESHMAN SURVEY, 2003-4

This Year's Freshmen at 4-Year Colleges: Their Opinions, Activities, and Goals

What Students Expect to Major In
Business 15.9%
Accounting 2.2%
Business administration (general) 3.6%
Finance 1.4%
International business 1.3%
Marketing 2.7%
Management 3.7%
Other 1.0%
Professional 14.3%
Architecture or urban planning 1.1%
Home economics 0.1%
Health technology (medical, dental, laboratory) 0.5%
Medicine, dentistry, veterinarian 4.4%
Nursing 3.7%
Pharmacy 1.7%
Therapy (occupational, physical, speech) 2.1%
Other 0.7%
Arts and humanities 12.3%
Art, fine and applied 2.9%
English (language and literature) 1.7%
History 1.3%
Journalism 1.7%
Language and literature (except English) 0.5%
Music 1.4%
Philosophy 0.3%
Speech 0.1%
Theater or drama 1.1%
Theology or religion 0.3%
Other 1.0%
Social sciences 10.5%
Anthropology 0.3%
Economics 0.5%
Political science 3.5%
Psychology 4.7%
Social work 0.6%
Sociology 0.6%
Other 0.3%
Education 10.1%
Business education 0.2%
Elementary education 4.9%
Music or art education 0.7%
Physical education or recreation 0.8%
Secondary education 2.6%
Special education 0.6%
Other 0.3%
Engineering 9.3%
Aeronautical or astronautical engineering 1.0%
Civil engineering 1.1%
Chemical engineering 0.6%
Computer engineering 1.6%
Electrical or electronic engineering 1.2%
Industrial engineering 0.2%
Mechanical engineering 2.3%
Other 1.3%
Biological science 7.3%
Biology (general) 4.2%
Biochemistry or biophysics 1.0%
Environmental science 0.5%
Marine (life) science 0.3%
Microbiology or bacteriology 0.3%
Zoology 0.4%
Other 0.6%
Physical science 2.7%
Astronomy 0.1%
Atmospheric science 0.1%
Chemistry 0.9%
Earth science 0.1%
Marine science 0.1%
Mathematics 0.7%
Physics 0.5%
Other 0.2%
Technical 1.5%
Building trades 0.1%
Data processing or computer programming 0.7%
Drafting or design 0.4%
Electronics 0.1%
Other 0.2%
Other fields 8.0%
Agriculture 0.4%
Communications 2.4%
Computer science 1.7%
Forestry 0.1%
Kinesiology 0.4%
Law enforcement 1.4%
Military science 0.1%
Other 1.5%
Undecided 8.0%
SOURCE: The American Freshman: National Norms For Fall 2003

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Political views
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Objectives considered to be essential or very important
 
All
Influencing the political structure 20.1%
Keeping up to date with political affairs 33.9%
Becoming a community leader 32.1%


Students rated themselves above average or highest 10 percent in:
 
All
Men
Women
Cooperativeness 72.9% 70.9% 74.5%
Drive to achieve 71.6% 68.1% 74.4%
Academic ability 69.7% 73.0% 66.9%
Understanding of others 65.7% 63.0% 67.9%
Persistence 63.0% 65.1% 61.3%
Leadership ability 60.6% 63.9% 57.9%
Self-confidence (intellectual) 59.8% 69.2% 52.1%
Creativity 57.7% 59.1% 56.5%
Physical health 56.6% 67.6% 47.6%
Self-understanding 55.6% 60.2% 51.9%
Emotional health 54.5% 61.2% 49.1%
Self-confidence (social) 49.9% 54.7% 46.0%
Writing ability 46.6% 45.2% 47.7%
Mathematical ability 45.0% 54.9% 36.9%
Risk-taking 43.3% 51.2% 36.9%
Computer skills 38.8% 52.4% 27.7%
Spirituality 38.3% 36.6% 39.7%
Popularity 38.1% 44.9% 32.5%
Public-speaking ability 36.3% 39.3% 33.9%
Religiousness 31.0% 28.9% 32.7%
Artistic ability 29.8% 29.7% 29.8%

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Traits that describe student to a great extent
 
All
Men
Women
Being honest in my relationships with others 71.2% 65.5% 75.8%
Searching for meaning/purpose in life 34.6% 33.0% 36.0%
Believing in the sacredness of life 32.2% 29.8% 34.1%
Engaging in self-reflection 26.3% 25.1% 27.3%
Appreciating the interconnectedness of everything 24.1% 24.3% 24.0%


Students estimate chances are very good that they will:
 
All
Get a bachelor's degree 79.5%
Develop close friendships with other students 71.2%
Socialize with someoneof another racial/ethnic group 66.2%
Make at least B average 59.4%
Be satisfied with college 52.0%
Get a job to help pay for college expenses 47.0%
Participate in student clubs/groups 41.1%
Communicate regularly with professors 35.0%
Participate in volunteer or community service 25.3%
Strengthen religious beliefs/convictions 25.1%
Participate in a study-abroad program 21.9%
Play intercollegiate athletics 15.9%
Change major field 14.4%
Change career choice 13.3%
Join a social fraternity or sorority 9.8%
Seek personal counseling 7.6%
Participate in student government 7.3%
Transfer to another college before graduating 7.1%
Participate in student protests or demonstrations 6.3%
Work full time while attending college 6.0%
Drop out of college 0.8%

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Agree strongly or somewhat that:
 
All
Men
Women
The federal government should do more to control the sale of handguns 76.5% 67.6% 83.7%
There is too much concern in the courts for rights of criminals 61.1% 63.3% 59.3%
Same-sex couples should have the rightto legal marital status 59.4% 50.2% 66.9%
Colleges should prohibit racist and sexistspeech on campus 58.4% 53.5% 62.5%
Abortion should be legal 54.5% 55.0% 54.1%
Wealthy people should pay a larger share of taxes than they do now 53.1% 52.6% 53.5%
Affirmative action in college admissions should be abolished 52.8% 58.4% 48.2%
Marijuana should be legalized 38.8% 44.3% 34.3%
Federal military spending should beincreased 38.4% 43.5% 34.3%
People should not obey laws that violate their personal values 34.5% 39.1% 30.9%
The death penalty should be abolished 32.6% 28.8% 35.8%
Realistically, an individual can do littleto bring about changes in our society 28.1% 32.3% 24.6%
It is important to have lawsprohibiting homosexual relationships 26.1% 34.6% 19.2%
Racial discrimination is no longer a major problem in America 22.4% 27.4% 18.3%
The activities of married women are best confined to the home and family 21.7% 28.1% 16.5%

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Top reasons noted as very important in deciding to go to college
 
All
Men
Women
To learn more about things that interest me 76.9% 73.0% 80.0%
To be able to get a better job 70.1% 70.8% 69.5%
To get training for a specific career 70.0% 66.2% 73.1%
To be able to make more money 69.4% 73.2% 66.4%
To gain a general education and appreciation of ideas 65.4% 59.1% 70.4%


Top reasons noted as very important in selecting college attended
 
All
Men
Women
College has a very good academic reputation 55.1% 51.3% 58.3%
A visit to the campus 37.6% 32.2% 41.9%
Was offered financial assistance 33.6% 29.9% 36.6%
Wanted to go to a school about the size of this college 32.9% 26.6% 38.0%
College has a good reputation for its social activities 27.8% 26.7% 28.7%


Expect to need special tutoring or remedial work in:
 
All
Men
Women
Mathematics 24.4% 19.5% 28.3%
Writing 11.7% 11.6% 11.9%
Foreign language 11.3% 11.3% 11.2%
Science 11.1% 8.4% 13.3%
English 10.1% 11.3% 9.2%
Reading 4.5% 5.3% 3.8%
Social studies 3.3% 2.8% 3.8%


NOTE: The statistics are based on survey responses of 276,449 first-year students entering 413 four-year colleges and universities in the fall of 2003. The figures were statistically adjusted to represent the total population of approximately 1.2 million first-time, full-time students at four-year institutions. Because of rounding or multiple responses, figures may add up to more than 100 percent.
SOURCE: "The American Freshman: National Norms For Fall 2003," published by the American Council on Education and the University of California at Los Angeles Higher Education Research Institute


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Section: Students
Volume 50, Issue 21, Page A31