• Monday, May 28, 2012

Previous

Next

Working with Zotero Standalone (Alpha)

February 15, 2011, 11:00 am

Zotero LogoSeveral weeks ago Jason observed in his Weekend Reading that the folks at the Center for History and New Media at George Mason University had released an alpha “standalone” version of Zotero. Zotero has long been a ProfHacker favorite, and many of us here and elsewhere were excited to be able, finally, to use Zotero without using Firefox, the browser for which Zotero was originally designed as an extension.

And Zotero Standalone is indeed standalone. It looks exactly like the regular Zotero, but running in a separate, resizable window. After installing the “connectors” you can even save items to Zotero from Chrome or Safari, using the familiar icons that appear in those browsers’ location bar (Chrome) or main toolbar (Safari).

The Zotero team has provided a thorough introduction to the standalone Zotero, so there’s no need to duplicate those instructions here. However, it’s worth highlighting that this is an alpha release. In other words, it’s not a product you should use lightly. In fact, as Debbie Maron, the Community Lead for Zotero, puts it:

If you aren’t comfortable running early-stage software or are in the middle of an important project, we strongly recommend that you use the latest stable version of Zotero 2.0 for Firefox, available for download from Zotero’s home page.

Zotero Standalone uses the same database as Zotero for Firefox, so any changes you make in one will appear in the other (though they can’t both be open at the same time). Given the remote possibility that Standalone could corrupt your regular Zotero database, Maron recommends creating a new Firefox profile to experiment with Standalone.

As for me, I’ve been toying with Standalone, and I’ve encountered no problems. It’s a delight to see my Zotero library in a standalone window, rather than tucked into the bottom of my browser (though of course you can make the browser version full-size in a Firefox window too):

Zotero Standalone Library

Zotero Standalone Library

If you do try out Zotero Standalone, make sure you peruse the Zotero Forums for tips and troubleshooting, and also be prepared to submit any bug you encounter. Afterall, Zotero is open-source software, meaning we all have a stake in making it better.

What about you? Have you tried Zotero Standalone? What do you think so far?

[Disclosure: Like the creators of Zotero, my home institution is George Mason University. I'm also an affiliated faculty with CHNM as well. But I am otherwise absolutely, totally, unflinchingly unbiased here.]

This entry was posted in Software and tagged , , , . Bookmark the permalink.

  • Print
  • Comment
  • http://sarahwerner.net Sarah Werner

    I’ve played with Standalone a bit. Once I quit Firefox, my Zotero habits dropped to zilch, so I’m excited about getting them back into play. My obstacle is that I used to enter items into Zotero primarily by clicking on the handy icon, but so far the Chrome plug-in isn’t as sensitive as the Firefox, so I’ve been missing items because I’m lazy, I guess. To tell you the truth, and this is a potentially embarrassing place to admit this, I’ve never become quite as adept with Zotero as I would like. So I’m hoping Zotero standalone will help me get my mastery up, though I’d welcome tips and guides…

  • http://www.samplereality.com Mark Sample

    Looking over the Zotero forums just now, I see that other people have had problems with Chrome as well. This is why it’s alpha, though. When it comes to tips and guides, do you want tips on Zotero Standalone, or on Zotero more generally?

  • http://sarahwerner.net Sarah Werner

    Alpha is as alpha does, so I’ve not been too bothered by the Chrome glitches; it will get better. For tips, I’m looking more for generally using Zotero, not Standalone specifically. I’ve seen their video, and it gives me a sense of its capabilities, but hasn’t translated for me into an actual sense of when and why I’d choose to use it (even though its example is research on staging Hamlet!). Maybe because I don’t normally use bibliographic management software? I’m not sure what it is I’m finding opaque. (Part of my problem is that much of my research is focused on pre-1700 books and manuscripts, and those don’t translate easily to Zotero’s built-in options, but that’s something I haven’t gotten around to passing to the Zotero folks themselves.)

  • teachercontinue

    I see that other people have had problems with Chrome as well. I teach a continuing education class
    for teachers. It is an Independent Travel Study-Actual or Virtual Via the Computer and it works better with Firefox.

  • kimpetorin

    I teach Zotero to students in my library sessions, and after getting them excited about it, the Mac users are always disappointed that the can’t use it with Safari. I hope this alpha version becomes ‘real’ sometime soon.

  • windfix

    Zotero for FireFox is incredible. I have taught workshops on it to faculty at my institution, and the response is nearly universal – “Wow, I wish I’d known about this sooner”. Let’s hear if for Free/Open-Source folks, EndNote is dead.

  • windfix

    FireFox runs great on Macs, and Safari mangles a lot of websites like Sakai. Time to quit the Apple habit.

  • jffoster

    Read the AAUP’s letter I have. What would happen if the University, i.e. SUNY Albany, simply replied “No.”? Or are they bound by some clause in their collective bargaining agreement with the AAUP to allow and cooperate with this “investigating” committee?

  • rightwingprofessor

    Oh for God sake the state has slashed the SUNY budget for several years while not allowing a tuition increase, Albany is doing the responsible thing and once again the union is up in a huff about it. Unions will soak the taxpayers of every last nickel they can until the city/state/country is bankrupt.

  • majorjh

    While actions such as those being taken at SUNY-Albany are often necessary, it is still important that the decision process involves all of the stakeholders affected. As the president of a university union I often hear responses such as the one offered by rightwingprofessor until one of them is caught up in the problem. Then they want help and they want someone to step in for them One key to avoiding that situation is to ensure that meaningful input is revceived from all sectors prior to the decision being made. Not all unions are involved in “soaking” their institutions and many work collaborately with the administration and Boards of Directors to do what is best for the institution.

  • edwoof

    Huh? How about the fact that many students just realized that they weren’t college material. Oh, sorry I forgot. Everyone is college material.

  • heathermwhitney

    I’ve tried the alpha version and am still not really happy with Zotero. I’m willing to hack a lot of things, but when it comes to an asset such as a source database, I don’t have the time or patience to deal with something that doesn’t work immediately.

    That’s not to say that I don’t appreciate the work that’s going into the program – I admire it very much. But I just need something that works and doesn’t leave me waiting for additional features.

  • adam3smith

    I’m not clear what the alternatives are, though? Not using any bibliographical software? Surely that can’t be the answer. Mendeley has got at least as many issues. Endnote is very, very clumsy and has other types of issues, many of them unresolved for years. I think Refworks is declining. Sente is Mac only and also seems to have a number of limitations, e.g. with citation styles.

  • mbelvadi

    Why do you think RefWorks is declining? It’s very popular at my site (we have a campus-wide license) even with undergraduates. I have tried Zotero in FF on my Mac several times but I find whenever I have it on, I start to have lots of odd stability problems that go away when I disable it. It has never been anything I could troubleshoot methodically enough to report properly but a definite pattern. I’m looking forward to a standalone Zotero if that means I can use it with my non-primary web browser (e.g. Chrome) and leave my all-important FF instance alone, since only a very tiny portion of my FF use ever has anything to do with collecting citations – I can always just do that stuff in Chrome.

  • mbelvadi

    Sounds like you’re not at all the right audience for an alpha release. Or even beta. Some people are, some aren’t. Walk away from it for now and try it again when it goes into full production release.

  • adam3smith

    What I said about RefWorks is just an impression – with Zotero and Mendeley becoming increasingly sophisticated and able to deal with more sites, RefWorks is just looking weaker and weaker. I rarely see people say enthusiastic things about RefWorks – and it seems incredibly vulnerable to Universities canceling their subscriptions. Endnote seems to have more of a loyal following, is able to deal with some more elaborate things (journal abbreviations, multiple bibliographies etc.) and at least people without an institutional subscription don’t have to pay a recurring fee – I still think it’s bad software, but I wouldn’t want to predict its demise. With RefWorks I’d be surprised if it’s still around as a major player in 10 years.

  • kosboot

    The problem with Zotero is that is created to be tied to a specific piece of software – Firefox. In line with the Web 2.0 world, Zotero should have been software and platform agnostic. I think that agnosticism should be the primary goal of the development team (which I sense is only a staff of 1 or 2), because it still doesn’t work optimally on any other platform beyond Firefox (which, because of its constant memory leaks, I detest even more than Internet Explorer).

  • adam3smith

    kosbot – that’s an odd comment to add to a post about a version of Zotero that’s not tied to Firefox… the whole point of the standalone and the “Everywhere” idea is to broaden the appeal. And yes, the alpha version isn’t completely there yet, but there is no reason to think that it won’t get there.

    There were many good reasons to tie Zotero to Firefox initially – Chrome didn’t exist, Safari didn’t have extensions, neither did IE etc… and now that that situation has changed – and the mozilla based technical tools like xulrunner have made the standalone possible without a prohibitive amount of development time – the project has reacted.

    And there are also good reasons _not_ to be entirely agnostic about software and platform. There is a trade-off involved. The more generic a piece of software is, the less tightly it integrates with any given piece of software: The only way to get high-quality citations into documents, for example, is to interface directly with the respective word processors.

  • d_fevens

    “Users will be able to access 2.2 million volumes of HathiTrust material in the public domain and their library’s own digital collection directly from the Summon page. For any texts available only in print, users will be told how to obtain them.”

    It is unclear from this, if this project contains the unauthorized copies of the in-copyright works that the universities obtained from Google, and passed on to the HathiTrust.

    “As noted previously, the work Google did scanning texts has already contributed to the HathiTrust’s digital collection.”

    I think that it is great that the HathiTrust is freely sharing their copies of public domain works, however I do have a problem with their use of unauthorized copies of in-copyright works- copies that are perhaps pirated copies. As Pamela Samuelson noted, “The settlement would grant Google about five different licenses …. a license to give “library digital copies” of the books scanned from library collections back to those libraries and allow the libraries to make certain kinds of uses of the works.”

    Douglas Fevens,
    Halifax, Nova Scotia
    The University of Wisconsin, Google, & Me

  • sand6432

    I don’t know of any publisher that would be worried if snippets were used in this HathiTrust project, but I understand the caution that the group is taking in light of the uncertainty surrounding the now-in-limbo Google Settlement.—Sandy Thatcher

  • http://twitter.com/lauradeal Laura Deal

    @d_fevens From the Hathi Trust website: “All objects in the archive are either in the public domain, have the necessary permissions to support the level of access afforded, or are simply archived in such a way as to ensure an enduring copy of the content. HathiTrust only provides reading access to those publications where permitted by law or by the rights holder.”
    http://www.hathitrust.org/copyright

  • d_fevens

    It is my understanding of the agreements ( October 12, 2006 and July 9, 2009) between Google and their fully participating libraries that the libraries (in my case the University of Wisconsin) receive only one digital copy of the work from Google. The University of Wisconsin gave their copy to the HathiTrust. I feel that all the unauthorized copies (the one kept by Google and the one given to the university) of my book created by Google were pirated works.

  • http://twitter.com/lauradeal Laura Deal

    Maybe you should contact them then.

  • profpjay

     Simple Question: I’ve downloaded the stand alone and the Chrome plug-in but see nothing on my Chrome browser that I can click to save a web page in Zotero. In Firefox you’ve got the work “Zotero” in the bottom right-hand corner, you click on it, Zotero opens and you save the page. How do you do this from Chrome???

  • http://jodischneider.com/ Jodi Schneider

    You need the Chrome Connector; see http://www.zotero.org/support/standalone

  • rick1952

    12018010 – Agreed and as soon as our nation, and the Supreme Court, insure equal protection under the law to those students who are denied equal access to educational opportunity beginning at the kindergarten level all the way through to the senior year of high school, then the need for affirmative action will be decreased substantially.  How can our nation, with a good conscience as it proclaims equality under the law, allow for concentrated poverty in so many of our major urban areas as well as the extreme poverty experienced by so many rural areas?  These conditions dictate substandard educational opportunity to the children who live in those communities.  These communities are created under the laws of our land.  Surely, if we are sincere in our desire to treat all as equal, then we should be committed to insuring that African-American, Latino, Native American and other children are not denied access the educational programs whose quality “levels the playing field” for all because of economic injustice.  Anything short of that is continued hypocrisy and a failure to honor our national commitment to equality.

    In the meantime, I think the class-based affirmative action Kahlenberg advocates is certainly an acceptable option given our social reality.  However, I have to wonder how long before opponents of equality begin crying “class warfare” in response to this reasonable and appropriate proposition.

  • whitakal

    I value Kahlenberg’s articles because I think the task of knitting together society in the face of inevitable inequalities of wealth and income is something that needs discussing. However, if he’s really just advocating racial diversity for its own sake, then trying to get there by talking about wealth and income does seem “cute,” at best. As for racial diversity as a goal, why doesn’t Kahlenberg acknowledge that the purported positive educational effects of such programs are extremely weak if not tendentious, as shown here: http://www.nas.org/polArticles.cfm?doctype_code=Article&doc_id=156&Keyword_Desc=How%20Many%20Delawares?

    Keith Whitaker, http://www.wisecounselresearch.org

  • seraphpendragon

    I was under the impression that a college was there to provide higher education to those who choose to go, not to demonstrate diversity by themselves being racist.  :-/

  • 11144703

    Rich, excellent, excellent article.
     
    Liptak surely didn’t write that misleading headline.

    The Pew Research Center wisely excluded Asians from its study (“black net worth is just 5 percent of white net worth”) because black net worth would be even lower that that of Asians–maybe 4 or even 3%.  It’s important to scholars that the white people be seen as the Other, and certainly not fellow people of color as Asians.   
     
     

  • cjones599

    I don’t really care how many time Richard brings up using socioeconomic status to create racial diversity, the plan will not work. I don’t like trying to downplay the anxieties of a white society who does not want to give up total power by dressing up the issue of race in another form–racial preferences came into play in order to open doors of opportunity for groups routinely excluded from the benefits of higher education. The point is that the door of opportunity will just not stay open; it keeps closing. I wish he would stop forcing this issue. Repeating the rationale over and over does not make it right.

  • goxewu

    anon1972′s argument in favor of racial AA essentially boils down to:

    a) Since college admissions are generally not transparent, it’s ethically OK to do whatever one wants behind the opacity. By that reasoning, it’d be OK to re-institute a quota on Jewish students, since lots of other discriminatory practices go on in non-transparent college admissions decisions, so why not this one?

    b) Comparing apples and oranges–”Why should we be able to pick students on the basis of sports, hobbies,
    disciplinary leanings, legacy status, or geographical origin, but not
    race?” Obviously, sports, hobbies, disciplinary leanings are voluntary attributes and should be considered. Being of a certain race, the offspring of an alumus/alumna, or (nearly always) geographical origin are involuntary on the part of the applicant. I don’t think that any of those (there are *some* rich people in Appalachia) should be determinant. (For what it’s worth, I’m absolutely opposed to “legacy”–i.e., “family connections”–admissions.)

    c) Contradiction–”I’m afraid you (we) will have to live with the fact that these processes are complex, ever-changing, and not transparent.” So, college admissions are “ever-changing,” but we’ll just “have to live” with that fact, i.e., sit back and do nothing about the obvious racism in racially-based affirmative action.

    Bottom line: In the zero-sum game of college admissions, it is simply impossible to give an advantage (extra points, “holistic consideration,” etc.) to applicants of certain races, without imposing a corresponding disadvantage (subtraction of points, a negative “holistic” consideration, etc.) to applicants of certain other races. Those applied disadvantages on account of race constitute racial discrimination. Proponents of racial AA may say that such racial discrimination is justified by the need for reparations for past treament of certain races, or by the alleged education benefit of “diversity,” or by the existence of inequalities in K-12 education, but they can’t deny that racially-based AA is, in undeniable fact, racial discrimination.

  • goxewu

    So socioeconomic status doesn’t create racial diversity, so what? What’s better, to have an undergraduate student body composed of students from rich, well-off, middle-class, working-class and outrightly poverty-stricken backgrounds, regardless of race (in which there *will* be racial diversity), or an undergraduate student body cosmetically more varied in skin color, but essentially looking like a collection of racially diverse models from a Gap catalogue?

    And for cjones, I reiterate from my previous comment:

    Bottom line: In the zero-sum game of college admissions, it is simply
    impossible to give an advantage (extra points, “holistic consideration,”
    etc.) to applicants of certain races, without imposing a corresponding
    disadvantage (subtraction of points, a negative “holistic”
    consideration, etc.) to applicants of certain other races. Those applied
    disadvantages on account of race constitute racial discrimination.
    Proponents of racial AA may say that such racial discrimination is
    justified by the need for reparations for past treament of certain
    races, or by the alleged education benefit of “diversity,” or by the
    existence of inequalities in K-12 education, but they can’t deny that
    racially-based AA is, in undeniable fact, racial discrimination.

  • rick1952

    Peter – are you arguing that racial discrimination is no longer an issue for persons in the USA whose skin color is  dark?  If so, please help me understand the basis for that belief.  As I noted in my earlier post, when it comes to inequality, there is nothing that is as obvious to anyone who takes the time to look as the fact that low-income African-American and Hispanic students are concentrated in schools that are inferior to those made available to middle class students, regardless of skin color.  While I don’t have direct experience with rural poverty, what I have read and understand, is that it is the equal of urban poverty in its negative effects on those who grow up in those communities.  So, how do we, as a nation, correct for this inequality?  I don’t believe it happens by accident; it happens by zoning laws and other practices based on race.  My thinking about this was strongly influenced several years ago as I read Sugrue’s The Origins of the Urban Crisis, which clearly documented the ways in which our social and economic systems were manipulated to insure that persons with dark skin were denied equal opportunity.  We now live with the legacy of that history.  How do we correct for that legacy?  Why would an attempt to correct for it be automatically racist?

  • marka

    ;-)

  • marka

    Likewise, repeating your POV doesn’t make -it- right either.  One of the elephants in the room is the fact that other disadvantaged groups -have- taken advantage of higher ed, w/o the need for AA preferences.  Jews and Asians are among those who have – historically – been denied higher ed, among other things – with explicit bars: so have various other ethnic groups – No Irish Need Apply, e.g.

    The current AA approach actually discriminates -against- Asians because they are ‘over-represented’ in the higher ed population – California is the most obvious case.

    So, explicit ban of Chinese & Japanese reinstituted to benefit someone else – robbing Peter to pay Paul.  Fair?  I don’t think so … 

  • jamary

    As divisive and sensitive an issue as AA has been, transparency has never been a frank ideal in the process. One way to move in that direction would be to acknowledge that AA requires ‘preferences’, but that preferences themselves must be concisely defined and categorized. They must, in this course, be hierarchal as well. That means that a middle-class female applicant (in any medium where AA is applied) with opportunities most persons might envy does not deserve equal status in terms of priority of preference as an equally intellectually promising Black youth (male or female) from a poor household in a depressed urban neighborhood led by a single mother. Indeed, the latter circumstances should instruct a rational hierarchy aimed at quantifying urgency of need wedded to salience of historical deprivation. The end of the Civil War merely began 100 years of oppression, and particularly in the deep South, terrorist suppression of Black humanity. However, this predicate logic of AA must combine actual individual circumstances with generic membership categories. It is now and always has been absurd to consider an applicant who is Black and has affluent parents and attended good suburban schools to hold the same status in AA calculus as such a Black applicant as described previously. The very logic of analytical categorization requires that we begin by identifying the individual attributes of greatest merit and need for action – and I submit that the latter applicant, and most closely allied, a Native American applicant living in abject poverty, either in rural America at large or on a Reservation without economic resources to have raised member families to upper-middle class status, would lead at the apex of this hierarchy. Nor do I propose that such priorities be propounded by law, either statute, regulation, or judicial fiat, but rather as a logical process, in this case, among fair-minded institutions. The biggest problem here, perhaps, is that the very rationality of such a logical approach is vulnerable to attack by AA ideologues and by the legal superstructure they and the courts have wrought over the past four decades.

  • v8573254

    For me, every thing about it was fun.  

  • New_Kid

    I don’t understand why you keep referring to getting a PhD as about career advancement. It’s not advancement; it’s entree, the threshold requirement for a huge number of academic jobs. And in a lot of fields, almost the only way to get to research, write, or teach in your area is to get a job as a professor. (There are not a lot of non-academic positions for someone who wants to spend their life researching and teaching about, say, the Middle Ages.) The job isn’t the end; it’s the means to an end, which is getting to pursue your love of learning and the subject matter without starving to death.

  • http://www.facebook.com/walt.lessun Walt Lessun

     And, for me, when the pursuit stopped being fun, I chose another direction.

  • kilpikonna

    I’m surprised no one’s thus far mentioned this gem by William James: http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/octopus.html

    I think you’re both wrong and not-wrong: not-wrong morally, but wrong practically. Whether or not an M.D. “should” be a barrier to practicing medicine is somewhat immaterial; the world we live in has such gatekeepers. The professorial gate isn’t as scrupulously kept, so to speak, but it is a reality, and sadly the Ph.D. represents an expensive and necessary-but-not-sufficient prerequisite to it at many colleges.  I say sadly not because I think the degree is worthless (I don’t) but because I dislike expensive lottery tickets.

  • joelcairo

    Mr. Sweeney, for what it’s worth, I have always agreed with the assumptions you made in your original article and I am sorry to see you back down from them because of the misguided comments of the many.  I am reminded of something the philosopher and mathematician Betrand Russell once said:  “The fact that an opinion is widely held is no evidence whatever that it is not utterly absurd; indeed in view of the silliness of the majority of mankind, a widespread belief is more likely to be foolish than sensible.”  

    The fact is that obtaining a PhD as a career move is a fairly recent phenomenon, and it can be traced to the ratcheting up of credentials that accompanied the baby boomer generation coming of age.  This statement is not true, of course, for other terminal degrees such as an MD or a JD, but those degrees are very vocation-specific and should not be confused with a doctorate of philosophy – the root of which means “the love of knowledge.”  Perhaps, if we had more people mindful of their original reasons for pursuing a PhD (which is usually something akin to their love of a particular subject), there would be less reason to for them to rationalize their pursuit of the degree with arguments of career moves. 

  • http://twitter.com/IsaacSweeney IsaacSweeney

    Wow. Thanks for this. I didn’t actually change my view on why one should get a PhD, but I was “wrong” to generalize and assume people would agree with me.

  • arrive2__net

    You could make the argument that a job is the only reason to get a doctorate, unless you feel you cannot foster your education on your own and you absolutely need the university stamp to proceed.  You can learn a lot on your own, pursuing knowledge, but if you need the proof that you learned it you still need the degree.  No one wants to be the most educated person in the homeless shelter, or in the welfare line..( unless you are Epicurus)  the connection between education and prosperity may sometimes seem subtle but it is actually very strong. 

    Bart Schuster
    OnlineGraduateSchool.tripod.com/doc.htm
    Twitter.com/arrive2_net

  • macielti

    Well, it may sound flaky, but I think you need both kinds of motivation — internal and external — to pursue and actually complete a terminal degree.  As much as I loved the field, the incredible learning experience with such inspiring classmates in my doctoral cohort, the promise of a career in higher education, one in which I could support my family,  justified the decision.

  • cust0s

    Hah! Well, I love knowledge, but I often find myself giving others the very same advice that my own professors gave to me when I told them I was considering the PhD after the masters, “You’re a good person, and I wouldn’t wish that on anyone, not even my enemies!” :)

  • willardhall

    I have to agree with JoelCairo. I’m sorry you’ve backed down. Shame. Ignore the bullies and blowhards who sometimes dominate the conversation on this blog. Stick to your guns Mr. Sweeney.

  • richarddeu

    Nice reference to Russell. The Ph.D. credential began generations before the “boomers” as was noted in Mr. Sweeney’s previous post. William James’ 1903 critique is still relevant: “Originally published in the Harvard Monthly in March 1903, ‘The Ph.D. Octopus’ by Harvard philosopher William James offers a powerful critique of the ‘tyrannical Machine’ of graduate education and the growing obsession with examinations, diplomas, and ‘decorative titles.’”   His article is easily found on-line.

  • isaacsweeney

    Thanks! I didn’t really back down. See my response to JoelCairo.

  • bermane

    Back in the 1970s when some of the baby boomers were ready to finish their graduate education, jobs were few and far between.  Most people don’t remember that it was a time when profs in the old eastern schools were staying on longer and opportunities were opening up in the boonies faster than in the Ivies–it’s how our provincial institutions became places to work without apology.  Remember those taxi drivers with the PhDs?  Many did get the doctorate but by the time things opened up at Harvard or Princeton, they were already 10,15 years down the road (literally and figuratively, and who wants a PhD who hasn’t done anything but make a living for a decade?  Not Harvard, not Princeton–newly minted PhD’s are much cheaper to hire.  So back then, many of us, seeing the roadblock ahead, jumped if something, anything opened up and we left our studies ABD never to return.

  • ksingh

    In terms of accessing the jobs, you don’t need a PhD to teach at most community colleges, yet more and more PhDs are getting jobs at community colleges because the tenure track market is so tough.  And a PhD, despite what most administrators say about the focus on teaching, brings a bit more prestige to the school.  I teach at a very large, fairly influential community college, and there are just as many PhDs as Masters level teachers. 
    I’m working on getting my doctorate because you need a terminal degree to achieve full professor rank, but I’m getting a DA in Community College Education instead of a PhD in my discipline.  I love my subject, but at the stage in my career where I am, the DA makes more sense than going back and entering a traditional PhD program. 

  • lenci5362

    I jumped through all the hoops, all the way to taking and passing the orals and writing several drafts of my thesis. My challenge was in the thesis advisors -2 – that had differing views and feedback, to the degree that I became disillusioned with the entire process. Dropping one of them was also not an alternative since they both carried weight within the department. As my career took a different path than teaching in academe, the need for a Ph.D. proved to be immaterial. The real world does not reward – either financially or in status – those with Ph.D.; it’s only in the academic Ivory Tower that this still matters.

  • elie_s_dad

    Whether you’ve backed down or not, your posts are very reflective and polite which is a nice change of pace :).

    Regarding the question, “Can we overproduce a degree?”, forgive me if this point was made in the other eighty comments from the other posting, but I think it is apparent that we are overproducing many degrees.

    You’re right that if no one went into degree programs with any expectations of wage increases, upward career mobility or stable wealth prospects, that is if everyone studied *just for the knowledge*, we really would not be in danger of overproducing degrees.  If knowledge were the only motive people considered legitimate for pursuing education, we’d also probably have a fraction of the amount of college students (at any level) that we do now.

    The point is, prior to going to undergraduate, associate’s degree, etc., almost everyone has the expectation that they are going to have to be making a reasonable wage for most of their lives.  When these people also love knowledge, they have to justify their pursuit of knowledge within the reality that they will have to, at some point, stop being students and make some money.

    The fact that a degree can no longer offer the justification of providing it’s eventual holder with the expectation of a living wage (whether or not the holder remains in the relevant field) means to me that we are overproducing that degree.

  • bbr123

    Thanks for writing the follow up article.

  • ole_perfesser

    I thoroughly agree with the insights of the article.  And as a further clarification I would re-state the first sentence in paragraph five from “These students look like “dropouts” (and therefore failures) in institutional data, but in fact they accomplished their goals” to “These students look like “dropouts” (and therefore failures for the student AND the institution), but in fact they accomplished their goals and the college HAS achieved a true success.” 

    But such statistics and maybe even the NCES national longitudinal studies (I really don’t know enough about these studies to hazard any more than a guess on them) rarely show these successes for the community college. If the one-year minimum of schooling that the President suggested as needed to ensure a higher emplyment rate were achieved and students “dropped out” to work full-time, isn’t that success?

  • realtyannie

    My husband is one of these students. Working his way up into middle management with a GED (yes, better than the job I had with my MA), he enrolled for a certificate program in his field at our local CC. The thing is, they offer a 15 hour certificate, and a 30 hour advanced certificate. He finished the 15 hour program in a year, but they enrolled him in the full 30 hour program, which is the one they track for their completion stats.  Therefore it looks like he dropped out, when in fact, he did meet his goal and we are quite pleased that he completed a credential.

  • richmilt

    It’s about time we started examining student achievement of their goals as success factors and not some arbitrary goals thought up by the educational establishment in Washington, although I’m sure they had plenty of ‘consultation’ with officials in higher education institutions.  Where did the f-t-, f-t, 3yrs. 6 yrs. come from?   

  • commserver

    I have been adjunct since 1987. I started with just BS. I soon realized that I needed to get a more advanced degree so I earned MS.

    Since I earned MS it seems that the trend, even in adjunct positions, is towards getting terminal degree.

    The number of doctors (doesn’t matter if PHD or Dxx) looking for teaching positions has created the situation where the institutions of higher education come to expect terminal degrees as criteria for consideration.

    I was in situation where I was told that I was being replaced. I later found out that my replacement has doctoral degree. That convinced me to pursue the doctoral degree.

     I have long had a desire, both professionally and personally, to doing so. I am now enrolled in doctoral program at the ripe old age of 61.

  • josa33

    Perhaps once upon a time you could teach at a university without a Ph.D., and do so for the love of the subject, but because of the over-production of Ph.D.s (particularly in the humanities) there is just too much competition to do so now. If there are 100-200 applicants for a tenure-track job (which is increasingly the case in the humanities), it only makes sense that those with Ph.D.s would get preference over those with only masters or bachelors degrees, even for jobs at teaching (as opposed to research) institutions.

  • juliewhite

    The big caveat to those completion times, however, is the large numbers of students requiring remediation, especially at community colleges, but even at four-year institutions.  That can add 1-2 semesters, at least, to a program of study.

  • http://www.facebook.com/kingjocey Jocelyn King

     Remediation is one issue for completion times, but so are adult learners, many of whom are part-time students.  I am chair for a program in which the majority of the students are part-time while working full-time jobs, and most of them take longer than three years to complete their degree.  Because of the way IPEDS measures completers, I am forced every year to justify my program’s “only 16% completion rate” – even though most of them eventually do complete their degrees.  The way much of all community colleges’ populations are not considered completers – even though they are, as the article states, achieving their goals – is a major ongoing source of frustration for me!

  • renellin

    I think the real question was in the author’s last words–why is funding dependent on graduation rates? Who thinks these outcomes are rational? There are too many factors to consider, and as usual in these bright ideas to measure ‘outcomes’ they encourage the wrong focus.

  • kgodwin

    I hear you.  At my institution, if you test into the bottom level of our developmental education, you have at least 5 quarters of math before you get to college level – 6 if you take the “slow” series.  English only has four precollege classes, but that’s still an extra year.  

  • jsibelius

    Yeah…my undergrad degree generally requires 5 years to complete, as it is essentially a double major. It took me 5 years to complete it. But it was 9 years from the time I began college until I graduated. Why? Because I am a college dropout (multiple times) and a failure. With two more degrees under my belt now, I’m wondering just how many “failures” are working in high-level government posts and donating considerable sums to their schools? College is a different ballgame from even 30 years ago. We need to update our measuring tape.

  • yellow1

    Students will only go Fall and Spring Semesters, and they often take only 12 hours (minimum full time). This will not allow for a 60 hour AAS/AA/AS in 2 years, even full time, and it will not allow for a BA/BS in 4 years. I think most institutions, whether they’d admit it or not, have established this as the norm. We don’t expect college students to go year round, we don’t even pay out PELL and other aid at many schools to encourage it, and we are so happy when a student commits to being full time that we don’t mind when it’s 12 hours.

    Add in remediation and the reality that the economy has forced many students to attend part time, and normal is about 3-4 years for a 2 year degree and 5-6 for a 4. I seem to remember students taking Summers off and taking minimum to be full time credits when I was in school too, but the microscope wasn’t on higher ed then like it is now.

  • kgodwin

    I think you might have misunderstood my comment – I was explaining where IPEDS got their definition, not what actually happens.  Our IPEDS cohort – full-time first-time student starting in Fall – accounts for fewer than half of our “new” students each year.
    Around here, folks will typically only attend two of the three main quarters (fall, winter, spring), and they are frequently part-time in one quarter if they do attend all three. There have been times that I have wondered if the most effective strategy for getting students thru in a timely manner would be bumping the full-time definition up to 15 credits for Fin. Aid.  Telling students 12 credits is full time, and encouraging them to take only 12 credits adds an extra two quarters to a degree – assuming you can put together 12 credit quarters without taking too many odd classes just to fill out your schedule (a common practice, and something we advise our students to do).  And in community colleges, adding two quarters means an extra six months for life to happen and interrupt their education (six more months for an unplanned pregnancy to interfere, or for Grandma to get sick).  

    Of course, in these parts, I’d probably be shot for suggesting that 12 credits isn’t really full time…

  • The Chronicle of Higher Education
  • 1255 Twenty-Third St, N.W.
  • Washington, D.C. 20037