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My Online Summer: Getting Ready

May 24, 2011, 8:00 am

Online teaching

[This is the first in a series of posts about teaching a fully-online course for the first time. -- @jbj]

This summer, I’m teaching a world lit survey class entirely online. I’ve taught the course several times as a face-to-face course, both in the summer and during the regular semester, and so I’m pretty comfortable with the material. This, however, will be the first time I’ve taught a class entirely online. Moreover, for complicated reasons, I’ve agreed to teach the class entirely–or to the greatest extent possible–using the baked-in tools in Blackboard Vista, rather than kludging together something with a wiki or WordPress, as would normally be my wont.

Combining those two sources of (personal) novelty seemed like a natural for ProfHacker, and so for the next seven weeks (the five weeks of the course, plus this preview post and a post-mortem), I’ll sort out how the course is going, what I’m doing wrong, and what kinds of things we’re doing well. These posts should blend workflow and pedagogy considerations, but won’t go too deep into the weeds of specific course content.

One week out, the predominant challenge is stress. This mainly arises from two different sources:

1) The online bit: I’m not terribly concerned about re-creating the course content online, including reconceiving face-to-face discussion prompts as online activities. The part about online teaching that’s stressful is figuring out how to migrate one’s ethos online. In person, after all, it’s easy to convey the extent to which your recommendation of Ricky Gervais’s careful unpacking (NSFW, I guess) of “Humpty Dumpty” as a methodological exemplar is ironic. Online, not so much. More important, nothing points up how much of your teaching persona is time-based (classes take X number of minutes, Y days per week) like moving to an entirely asynchronous environment. I don’t *so* much care whether the students like me, as whether they’re engaged in the course.

2) The LMS bit. I’ll just say that no part of this screen–which is what you see until you’ve started to populate your class–fills my teaching heart with joy:

LMS screenshot

Click for full-size.

What I particularly admire about this screen is how little help it gives you. Not even a pop-up example of what these various tools might look like (is “Syllabus” just a place to upload a file, or something for me to fill out?), much less a clear explanation of how an “Assessment,” which might include self-tests and surveys, is different from “Discussions,” or why “Goals” are in “Student Learning Activities” rather than “Organizational Tools.” (I’m not pretending that these choices are indefensible, nor even that there’s not a kind of logic to them. This is all about first reactions.) The shifting back and forth between the language of teaching (“Create assignments for Students to submit”) and that of general software (in addition to the Germanically-capitalized “Students,” we’ve also got “users” and “course members”) is also a little jarring. This is probably most visible, actually, in the fact that the screen breaks parallelism: there are “organizational tools,” “communication tools,” “contact tools,” “student tools,” and “student learning activities.” There’s also a tick box for “select all tools,” which presumably incorporates the student learning activities, as well, even though they are not called tools.

Normally, one of my favorite parts of the semester is getting the new wiki and blog stuff set up. This . . . just makes me sad and stressed. (And I don’t think it’s because I still haven’t finished grades from the spring yet!)

Contributing to the stress in a lower-key, if ubiquitous, way is the fact that my favorite parts of my classes are somewhat improvisational. We’ll see how that works in an asynchronous format–although, as Conan O’Brien recently observed, successful improv is always rooted in obsessive preparation anyway.

The best part of teaching online, though, is not having to see some students’ dejection on learning that we’ll be reading the Iliad. I can just delude myself imagine that everyone is super-excited to plow through an epic–and other reading!–in a 5-week course!

How about you? If you have taught online before, what concerns did you have before starting? Do you have favorite resources? If you have not taught online, are you interested in doing so? Why or why not? Let us know in comments!

Photo by Flickr user seantoyer / Creative Commons licensed

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  • http://twitter.com/DelaneyKirk DelaneyKirk

    Jason, This is why I haven’t taught an online course yet:  “The part about online teaching that’s stressful is figuring out how to migrate one’s ethos online.”  I’ll be curious to read about your experience as we are being encouraged to offer some of our courses online.

  • http://amandafrench.net Amanda French

    Fascinating stuff, Jason. I’ll be interested to read more. Nice analysis of the LMS screen’s language, especially. 

  • jliedl

    Good luck with your online course. You’ve hit upon precisely the problem I have with many of these systems. They’re aggressively opaque. Even when you’re provided the handbook and trained in the system, there’s kludge all over.

    Why doesn’t the syllabus creation link explain what you’ll need (either a prepared document file to upload or is it a screen where you can enter the information section by section)? Good question but no one can ever answer it or deal with the problem at the institutional level.

    They’re also some of the ugliest online interfaces I’ve ever laid eyes on!

  • http://twitter.com/paulmtracy Paul M Tracy

    Thanks for sharing your experience. This is valuable input for people involved in the design, implementation or support of learning management systems. It appears that adding “helper text” in the interface and getting rid of the computer jargon would be helpful. The LMS should be a tool to free you for more quality student interaction. It shouldn’t make you “sad and stressed.” I’m looking forward to gaining additional insights from this series.

  • ajgulyas

    We’re a two-person operation (as far as full-time faculty) here and, thus, I get to teach online most semesters (World history surveys mostly).  I agree with the “migrating the ethos” issue.  W all have strengths and weaknesses, and my weaknesses (disorganization, especially) seem to be highlighted when I teach online.  It’s a struggle and it’s often counter-intuitive to the way I *like* to teach.

    That said, I’ve begun to enjoy it more as I realize that it doesn’t need to (indeed shouldn’t) just be my course, but on the web.  I’ve begun to play around with having students use the internet for assignments and discussion purposes (including determining what’s a useful website for historical info and what’s not) in a way that wouldn’t work well in an on-ground course.  I’m still adapting and pretty much changing the course every semester I offer it.

    And as for Blackboard and its ilk… yeah… not the best.

    Good luck!

  • dwgentry

    I agree that it is a challenge to let your ethos “shine” – but there are a number of ways to help that process. No silver bullet – but rather a series of small steps that, taken together, help the students connect with you and your approach. Here are just a few examples –

    1. Create a café in the discussion area to talk about anything under the sun – recipes, trips, births, reunions, etc. You seed this with your own observations and hopefully some will chime in.

    2. A cartoon or similar on the opening page – swap them frequently.

    3. Judicious, but not over bearing presence on online discussions. Play the devil’s advocate – challenge shallow answers, encourage open thinkers.

    4. In the course content area try adding some short YouTube clips with your smiling face – introducing a subject or highlighting an important area. I also have a greeting YT clip under a “Getting Started” section.

    5. Frequent announcement emails and follow-ups – supplemented by an “Ask the Instructor” section in the discussion board. Urge students to reach out to you.

    6. The Blackboard interface in particular is kludgy – but any odd format can be overcome with plenty of instructions, and a well-organized consistent approach to the course.

    I taught two online classes last summer, including while driving across the country (gotta love those Super 8 and other highway exit motels for all having free wireless. Face to face is still a better learning experience but you can provide a genuine service to your time constrained students, and feel good about it in the end.

  • drnels

    Yep, I’ve been teaching online for a few years now, and I do a lot of these things.  I call my cafe section “The Coffeehouse,” and a couple of times during the class, I’ll throw out questions about movies or TV shows or anything else.  And I have links to my Facebook profile and Twitter feeds, and some students check those out.  I’m at the point where I have all of my content ready to go when a course begins so that I can focus on engaging with students.  For the classes I teach, online courses take practically no time once I have the content done.

  • raza_khan

    One of the strongest recommendations that I would make (which you may find is pivotal to the key of student success) is to have a rich orientation session (either online or have those online students come to campus on a Saturday if they are local students) as that will hel the students realize the expectation and also help in navigating through the course and the online tools that are available to them.

    Raza
    _______________________
    Raza Khan, Ph.D.
    Dr.Raza.Khan@gmail.com

  • bernardjsmith

    I think that LMS view may be at the root of your stress. That view would seem to be made for an instructional designer rather than someone who is going to be interacting with learners. It looks like someone has handed you a dictionary and said that you can find War and Peace or The Presentation of Self in there.  Even the course “content” seems an afterthought buried at the foot of that page. What is to happen by end of week 1 or week 5 or week 10 or 15? What is due when? The course is not structured in terms of milestones and activities?

  • http://twitter.com/daiyami daiyami

    I really hope “for complicated reasons” means “they agreed to pay me extra.”

  • trishadionne

    Hello ProfHacker!

    One of the most important tips that I can share about teaching a course online for the first time, is to have the entire ‘classroom’ prepared before the start of the term. This includes adding all content, learning activities (discussion questions, assignments, assessments, grade center, etc.). Certainly, these things can be tweaked as the course unfolds. But it’s much easier to tweak a course than create one at the same time you manage/facilitate online learning for the very first time. Create lectures that infuse your infectious personality. Show students how the topic is important to you and how you reflect/synthesize the information. You’ll be demonstrating how they can also make unique meaning from what they’re learning.

    I create learning modules (one for each week). Each module has objectives that scaffold on precious modules and lead the student toward achieving the course objectives. Of course, you’ll likely see students greatly surpass the course objectives (and some that won’t).

    Let students know that you acknowledge each as an individual and as a part of a dynamic learning community.

    Trish Dionne
    SNHU
    Faculty Development and Training.

  • http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=574020860 Susannah McGowan

    When forced to use a course management system, I use it as a portal to other more interesting places like the blog or wiki that you would prefer to use.  Or somehow you can make it work through trial and error.  Currently I’m interviewing faculty who currently teach online and one writing professor impressed me in her ability to manipulate the Blackboard tools as she learned more about how her students thought and worked.  So based on low-threshold writing assignments (i.e. not graded) in the discussion board in the first week, she decided to utilize short quizzes to practice inductive and deductive thinking.  She could also comment (within the tool) on students submitted responses.  She seemed able to adapt and tailor her course as much as one would in a regular classroom.  

    Apart from that, my biggest concern in facilitating online is the time needed to respond substantively to each student.  With the ability to record short videos quickly and easily, I thought this may be a good way to respond to all students following an assignment (the “things to think about” summary) with individual follow-ups via email.  Good luck!  Look forward to more posts about your experience.  

  • 22185296

    Hello! For a Canadian perspective on teaching an online course, check out Professor Adam Chapnick’s blog: Virtually Learning at University Affairs magazine.

  • jfroh

    Hi ProfHacker,
    What I find so true for most universities is the total lack of concern about the delivery of the course on line.  It is very true that Black board or others like it are not intuitive.  NOONE should be allowed to teach online until they have the training on Blackboard or whatever your school is using.  The tools used in Blackboard are adequate to get your course completed before the semester begins.  It allows a lot of opportunity to keep the class exciting (as far as online goes) and interactive between you and the students.
     
    You are stressed because it is new and instead of teaching the course you are teaching yourself how to use the tools.  The students Lose on this!  You are one or two steps ahead of them and trying to anticipate what is the best way to get your ideas across.  Oh by the way you have to return graded material within 48 hours.  Or did they not tell you that is important in online teaching.  I forgot they did not tell you anything~!!!!!   It is a shame your students have to put up with this class as you learn how to use the blackboard and train yourself to be a great on line teacher. 
     
    Just because you teach does not mean online should be OK also.
    Jim 

  • omd2889

    I have taught 2 online French classes (one each semester), and liked it.  I am looking to teach more of them, but my biggest problem was to get the students to respond to discussion topics, and get involved in chatting sessions.  What do you suggest?

  • jsener

    Jason, 

    Welcome to the world of online teaching!  I hope that your experience is similar to the thousands of faculty who have started out perhaps a bit skeptically or with some trepidation, but then eventually found online teaching to be a deeply rewarding, often rejuvenating experience. 

    It’s probably a little late since I imagine your course is starting soon, but I couldn’t help but notice that the graphic accompanying your article depicts the Quality Matters rubric.  Are you using the QM rubric to guide your course design and development?  If not, may I suggest that it’s a much better tool for designing a quality online course than using the LMS structure as a guide.  Your experience with your LMS is typical — LMSs do not tend to engender much joy in anyone who uses them ;-).  They are like adolescents – extremely capable in some ways, maddeningly immature in others.  Your emphasis on conveying your “ethos” is also a good sign, because one of the hallmarks of online teaching is that it offers the opportunity for reflection; figuring out what to do in a different delivery mode requires reflecting on what you do, period.  Eventually, it will evolve to thinking about how to do what you do even better, or how to do things you couldn’t do before in the confines of a classroom.  Although I don’t really understand what you mean by “ethos,” that’s not important; what’s important is what you mean by it.

    Another concept which you might find useful is “affordable affordances,” which means selecting your technologies based on the simple question, “what can [x] do for you (and your students)?”  As a busy professional, you can’t afford to waste your time on trying out technologies that won’t work for you.  So for example, if wikis work for you and your students (and they often don’t work well), I’d echo Susannah’s comment about using your LMS as a portal to access a wiki and/or other tools that you find useful if you still can, rather than shoehorning yourself into your LMS toolset, especially if it doesn’t offer the affordances you want and need…

  • maryshore

    Great idea for a series, Jason. It sounds like you’ve done enough web-enhanced teaching that you’ll be fine, the irritations of Blackboard notwithstanding. (One wonders about CMS interfaces in general, “Who is paying attention to user experience? Do the developers ever talk to actual teachers & students?”)

    There are lots of good comments on the ethos question here. I’ll add one more. In 2007, I published “Establishing Social Presence in the Online Classroom: Why and How,” in the journal Theological Education. The issue is available as a pdf. at http://www.ats.edu/Resources/Publications/Documents/TE/2007TE42-2.pdf

  • Don Erwin

    This will be an interesting series to watch.  Thanks for bringing us along on your journey.

  • utchron9

    Teaching online I’ve encountered several concerns.  The major concern is having a complete lack of professional discretionary judgment as to course content and policy.  The courses are set up by education “experts” who have not taught in my subject area, so the lesson plans and assignments range from useless generic guides (which read like an undergraduate student wrote them as a rough draft) to flat out false and misleading material.  

    Another concern is that student engagement is even worse than with face-2-face teaching.  If they are particularly motivated they might read or watch the lecture material before attempting assignments.  Reading textbook assignments, articles, or optional “motivating” work is almost unheard of within the student population.  

  • marvai

    A few years ago I designed and developed an online MA at The New School in NYC. When the time came to orient our faculty to teaching online I was amazed to see that there were no materials that simply and practically walked teachers through the process of transferring their skills to online. How was one to lay out standards from Quality Matters (see photo in this article) and other sources? Where could they find  examples and models of good online course design.

    In the end I became determined to create a guide that simplified and walked teachers through the process of designing an online course. This has now been published by Routledge ( http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415873000/ )and I am working on the development of a companion book on teaching online. This like the first will be jargon-free, practicle, and standards-based.

    The problem that we could not address in the book was what to do about the LMS issue. We were using BlackBoard at The New School, but I had the advantage of being able to set design principles that in some way made up for some of the problems.  All we could do in the book was provide guidelines to follow for issues like improved readability ( font size, space on the page etc) , easier navigation and access, student engagement, etc. 

    There may be hope on the LMS front. A new LMS called Canvas (instructure.com) looks beautiful and user friendly. One can try it out and use it to creat a course for free. This, however, may not work in most institutions where one is requiresd to use a specific LMS. But there is hope for the future.

    I believe that, done well, online education is neither worse nor better than onsite education. It’s different. It’s more flexible. It’s very easy to bring in exciting resources and involve visitors from anywhere in the world. This is all relatively easy to do once you get the hang of it. 

    However, one needs to be familiar with the standards that make an online course good and engaging for both  teacher and student. The makers of LMSs need to develop standards as well. That may be happening.

    Marjorie Vai

  • nccechucedst

    Please remember to stress that time management is critical for student success in an online course.  Students who not are not independent learners, let alone, highly self-directed and self-motivated, struggle in completing the assigned readings and other tasks timely.  

    Your syllabus must be as self-explanatory as possible and your course calendar very thorough.  It’s been my experience (and I teach graduate-level education courses) that many will not take the information contained in the syllabus and transfer it to a planner–I’ve learned to do that for them.  (It’s amazing that something as simple as that many of them won’t think to do for themselves.) 

    Another lesson I’ve learned is that don’t be surprised if your withdrawal rate is higher than your face-to-face classes.  I was very discouraged at first because I teach the same course both live and online, and my withdrawal rate was greater for the online section.  One thing that I have noticed is that the more I have come to DO for them in regards to managing their time (yes, I know that’s hand-holding), my withdrawal rate has declined–and that’s with the same text, outside readings, and major assignments, etc.  Now, I know, at best, this may be correlational, but it is an observation.

    If you find yourself considering to teach more online courses, consider looking into the Quality Matters Program.  Even though I discovered it after I began to teach online classes, I found it helpful to my practice.

    Good luck, and I look forward to your sharing your first online teaching experience.

  • dwgentry

    A quick note to agree on nccechucedst’s observation on higher withdrawal rates. I attribute them in part to some students not appreciating the time commitment necessary – that it is more than just surfing the web a few times a week. I’ve also suspected that without the face-to-face connection some students don’t establish that stronger bond and find it easier to walk away from an online course. All that said, it’s not that online students leave in droves. There just seems to be a small but noticeable uptick in withdrawals.

  • missoularedhead

    What works for me is to build the course by weeks. There are as few tabs as I can get away with, but each week is a separate entity, and in there, I put all of the assignments, dropboxes, videos, and course links (to a survey, the group wikis, the discussion board) right there. If nothing else, I have learned from seeing others’ courses that the fewer layers the better. I don’t want to have to go through the ‘week’ tab to a folder to a document and then back out to to another folder to get to the assignment. Remember, KISS.

  • http://twitter.com/mapastory KBS

    I probably need to get a life, because the problem of migrating my ethos online was never much of an issue. I see it much as social media. In the parenting forum where I am moderator, I tend to be more diplomatic. In the FB account where I simply like to rant about politics, I’m not so moderate, etc. If you use social media, just consider this another forum and another persona of your many personae.

    Do you have dual monitors? If you’re not teaching on the road this summer, get them! It will make your online work so. much. easier. Simply toggling between browser windows won’t cut it. You’ll want to have the grade book open in one monitor and the students’ work in the other. Or if BB allows, you can work in teacher mode in one monitor and see in student mode in the other. (You might need a dummy student account to achieve this.)

    To encourage more participation on the discussion board, I have begun giving quite a lot of weight to participation. Students want to be “paid.” I am finishing a graduate program that is delivered mostly online, and when I learned, in one course, that I was pouring my heart and soul into the DB only to AVOID losing credit, not to earn credit, I was very unhappy.

    I used to give open-note, open book quizzes for the readings, but D2L’s assessment set-up is not as streamlined as Webct’s was, so I do almost everything on the DB now.

    Set out clear expectations of what constitutes a satisfactory DB post. I really like Scott Warnock’s book, Teaching Writing Online, for more examples, grading practices, etc. Require a certain number of primary posts per week, a certain number of secondary posts, etc., and make sure you’ve posted examples of good/weak posts. These have raised participation on my DB tremendously.

    As a btdt OL instructor, I heartily agree with dwgentry, Nels, trishadionne, Susannah, missoularedhead, and nccechucedst. I have no experience with QM, but I’m very intrigued now.

    Jing is a free, somewhat easy online screencasting program to try, although I hear that students have access to your full library, so be aware of FERPA issues. 

    A best practice suggestion I’ve seen before recommends making yourself “visible” online as much as possible; i.e., BB might have some means for alerting students when you are online.

  • marvai

    Hello again, 

    In reading things over I realize that it’s if people feel like they have to reinvent the wheel in creating a new online course. I have also just realized that the Routledge link for “Essentials of Online Course Design: A Standards-Based Guide” is terribly slow. I hope this saves time:

    http://essentialsofonlinecoursedesign.com/Marjorie Vaihttp://marjorievai.com

  • marvai

    Hello again, In reading the comments over I realize that it’s if people feel like they have to reinvent the wheel in creating a new online course. I have also just realized that the Routledge link for “Essentials of Online Course Design: A Standards-Based Guide” is terribly slow. I hope this saves time:http://essentialsofonlinecoursedesign.com/ 

    http://marjorievai.comMarjorie VaiEdit

  • http://twitter.com/mapastory KBS

    I don’t know your ethos, but there are also fun ways to present yourself on the web. You can go to http://www.voki.com and make talking avatars, or you can go to blabberize.com, upload a picture, and add an audio message. (I used a one-eyed snowman my family made last year for my image.) Then you just grab the embeddable code and insert it where you wish in your LMS.

  • tmcbeth

    Jason,

    I was thinking along the same lines as jsener.  The Quality matters rubric that you have as your icon at the top is a great guide for ideas on engaging your students, aligning your course-level outcomes with your module-level outcomes and the resulting assessments, thinking about how your use of technology lines up with your course outcomes, etc.  That is, if your institution is a subscriber.  You can always make improvements from what you learn from this 1st go around. 

    Good luck…

  • kathiiberens

    Hey Jason.  Great post.  I want jump in on your comment about improvisation being your favorite part of your classes.  Conan O’Brien’s “improv is like surfing” observations (to which you link) are entirely apropos.  

    I’m doing an experimental pilot at USC this fall, “F2F In/And the New Media Classroom.” 65% will be OL (both synchronous and asynchronous); 35% will be F2F.  But only part of our F2F will happen in the classroom. We are wandering around L.A. and engaging various digital tools as we do so.  Premise of the course: do everything you can OL and reserve F2F for deeply informed improvisational play.  Record that play in digital formats: analyze, mix, remix, consider. Go back out and do it again.

    Syllabus-in-progress is here: http://bit.ly/hJIdON

    As F2F becomes a choice rather than the de facto mode of course delivery, it behooves us to figure out why–and in which specific cases–it works so well.  Soon we’ll need to articulate a pedagogical rationale to justify the expense of F2F (v. OL). My hunch: improv is key.

  • alaskaposer

    >Face to face is still a better learning experience

    The data says otherwise.  If you look at measurable outcomes, then there is no significant difference.  

    Source: www2.ed.gov/rschstat/eval/tech/evidence-based-practices/​finalreport.pdf

  • sthen

    I agree – even using Moodle is a challenge. One has to click on their “?” next to an object to see a small pop-up on what that particular object entails.

  • sthen

    I made sure it was a graded component of the course, and that in order to receive full credit, they must post one original thought AND respond to two others.

  • sthen

    Wow, harsh. Like many facilities, I too was on the “learn it, teach it, go” in less than two months. That does not mean my teaching style was any less engaging or useful, it just means I had to adapt – which I did.

    And the instructor states when assignments are to be returned – not some hokey “because it’s says so here.” I am in full control of my class. I return assignments within a timely manner – and tests are graded right away, so they get the full benefit of seeing how well they did (or didn’t).

    I’m glad you have an opinion, but to assume his students will be lacking the true experience of an online course simply because he hasn’t had sufficient training (by your standards) is way off course.

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