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How I Trick Myself Into Clearing Grading Backlogs

May 9, 2011, 11:00 am

Grading

Even before I became union president, it was fair to say that my worst trait as a teacher was that I was slow with grading. This is an odd mix of the usual procrastination and overcommitment, on the one hand, and my own personal preference for slow-ish feedback on the other. (As a student, I took criticism of my writing less personally after a solid cooling-off period.)

It turns out that the union responsibilities have only exacerbated this–especially this semester, with all the budgetary craziness in Connecticut. Making matters worse is the fact that I have a section of composition, which is surely the most grading-intensive course in English departments. Once I start to get behind in grading, things snowball rapidly, as I invariably decide that it’s important to offer a level of feedback that somehow justifies the tardiness, which is kind of impossible, and so the papers get later and later. (It’s always important to remember Steven D. Krause’s observation that comments are for the students’ improvement, not to justify your work or judgment.) It’s a pretty awesome situation.

When I was younger, there was no grading backlog that an all-nighter couldn’t solve. But this 39-year-old bounces back from all-nighters much more slowly than he used to. Plus, what drove the all-nighter–besides caffeine!–was looking forward to the sensation of handing back all the papers at the end of class in the morning. Transferring the papers out of my physical possession was such a tremendous victory that I could power through the small, dark hours of the morning. Now, the whole transaction is electronic, and so there’s not that same satisfying feeling of completion at the end of a grading binge.

Clearly, a new strategy was needed! And, lo–here it is:

Schedule appointments with students to discuss their writing, at which point you return their work.

Obviously, these could be virtual appointments if need be–for example, in an online class. And equally obviously, you can’t schedule appointments with all your students in one day, or you lose the benefit of the scheme. But if you break the appointments out over several days, the result is a fixed calendar of how much grading you have to get done, and by when. Convenient!

The simple trick here is that I can’t fail to be prepared for the individual appointments, and so the grading has to be done. There’s always something else meaningful that we could be doing in class, and so I don’t feel the same panicked sense that I’m letting the students down if I walk into class without having returned the papers electronically. But there’s no way to face the students in my office one by one and say, “yeah, I didn’t get your paper done.”

Adopting this strategy has other ancillary benefits, too: you can be clearer about which comments are important and why; it’s easier to see whether students understand your comments; and students have the opportunity to ask questions that they might not in class or even over email. But the main thing that it does is force me to do what you’re supposed to do anyway: make a schedule, and stick to it.

Other than staircase grading, do you have a trick for clearing the grading backlog? Let us know in comments!

Photo by Flickr user PetroleumJelliffe / Creative Commons licensed

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  • massasoitbio

    I have a technique that works great for my type of assignments. (I teach biology, so my grading is mostly exams, lab reports, and homework assignments. No big term papers or projects.) I think of this as my “sort-of” grading Pomodoro technique. I guess it’s more of a grading hack than a way of getting out of backlogs.

    Let’s say I have 24 exams to grade. I divide the pile in half and grade 12 of them, one page at a time (so I grade everyone’s page 1, then everyone’s page 2, etc.). When the first 12 are done, I divide the remaining pile in half again, and I grade six. I keep dividing the remaining items in half, until I’m down to my last one or two.

    Because I grade them one page at a time, the smaller my current pile is, the faster the grading goes. It actually feels like it accelerates as I’m grading. I usually build up so much momentum that I end up just polishing off the last three or four at once.

  • http://about.me/jbj Jason B. Jones

    Will have to remember this for the summer, when I’ll be teaching a class with exams again!

  • heathermwhitney

    I just finished grading 47 general physics final exams, each of which included seven essays (in retrospect, what was I thinking??) Honestly, what worked for me was small little treats. As in, I told myself, “If you finish grading five exams you get a cup of tea.” Or watch a Daily Show clip or whatever. I made it through the last push with a Starbucks run. Typing this all out, it sounds ridiculous, but it’s what worked for me.

  • drnels

    I don’t have any tricks. I just put grading in my schedule. If I get essays from a first-year writing course, and ours cap at twenty-four students, I tell them it will take at least two weeks to get them back. Then, I schedule three a day on eight days over the next two weeks. I can usually do three in an hour without feeling rushed or stressed. And with multiple classes, I can keep up with them all if I plan right. Like anything, just break it down into smaller parts and work on the parts. Same way I get writing projects done.

  • http://twitter.com/thestorialist Hannah Stephenson

    Rather timely, as I am grading this very moment.

    I almost always prefer grading hard copy (depending on the assignment I get), so I always require that. I think the 2 weeks turnaround time (for an essay) is very fair.

    The thing that I used to be slowest with was feedback on drafts. Now, I use conferencing (much like you suggest in this article)–10 minutes or so per student, mostly focusing on their main argument and challenges they are having. It works so much better (in my first-year writing courses) than commenting on drafts, for me…it really helps to open up conversation with my students and I find that discussion in class really benefits from our one-on-one talks.

  • http://twitter.com/chattyprof Ellen Bremen

    I teach speech comm, so I usually have either papers, outlines, speeches, or all of the above at one time. Just like I tell my running partner I’ll be there on Sunday morning at a.m., I tell my students that I will have their grading back in 48 hours… and then I clear my calendar. With a ton of on-campus work, outside-of-campus work, and two small kids, I personally can’t stand to let it sit. Telling my students ahead of time of when they will get the work holds me accountable. I know I’ll get it done. Where I struggle, and where I’d love to hear of others’ strategies is late work: Unfortunately, I do allow it with penalty. I can’t stand how it can sit while I’m helping students with a new major speech assignment (I review outlines ahead of time, which can be quite time-consuming!). Then, I get concerned about getting late submitted speech A outline/presentation grade in enough time for student to use that feedback for hopefully-on-time submitted speech B. Thank you for this thoughtful article! Ellen Bremen, M.A. @chattyprof http://chattyprof.blogspot.com

  • sahmphd

    This essay came at the perfect time for me!! Well …. perfect because it makes me realize that I’m not alone as I fall into the very same pattern as described by the author. Perfect also because I did meet with students in my composition class at the end of the semester and realized I should have done that long ago. Yet, we can’t meet with our students after *every* assignment. I’ve often considered giving the students an assignment description that includes a deadline for them AND a deadline for me. If I don’t get the papers back to them by the deadline … they benefit in some way (extra credit points or something like that).

    I did do something this semestert, though, to acknowledge the backlog. With the composition class, their legitimate gripe is that, if they don’t have feedback on one paper, how can they address any problems as they write their next paper? I originally did not include an opportunity for re-writes. I changed this due to the backlog. I gave the students the opportunity to revise any/all of their papers they received in the semester and turn in a revision portfolio at the end of the semester. This portfolio must include the original papers (with my plentiful comments). Yes – it is a lot of work but my comments on the first versions will help me a lot as I grade the revisions and I do think it was the only way I could address their concerns about slow feedback. Even though not every student has taken advantage of the opportunity to revise, they all have had that opportunity to use my feedback to enhance their writing.

  • http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=219705053 Alayne Peterson

    I don’t collect a “major” assignment in my 3 sections of comp until I have returned the previous major assignment at least one class period prior (to give them a couple of days to process my comments and go over their latest paper to make sure they’re not making the same mistakes (whether or not they take advantage of this is unknown, but it keeps me from having multiple stacks of multiple assignments). Two weeks between collection and return is about average, unless I have something like spring break, where I have no prep, or finals, where I read it, and assign a grade without commenting.

    For grading of smaller assignments (discussion posts, etc.) I do them as I have time, often during my office hours.

  • mottgreene

    here is a 75% timesaver for “term papers” and semester projects.

    Here’s a timesaver at the end of the semester. Works for big projects where there has already been feedback in some form on an earlier version. Final papers/projects come in near the end of classes. Before the due date, tell the students that you will produce written comments for anyone who provides a stamped, self-addressed, 8 1/2 x 11 manila envelope, in class, by the last day of classes.

    You read and grade all the papers, of course, but provide detailed “feedback” only to those students who give you the indication, by giving you the envelope, that they want that feedback . This solves the problem of comments being “for the student’s improvement”, and not to prove that you “read the paper.” You will find that the number of students who actually require or desire feedback on the final paper is a very small subset of any given class.

    My experience is that 5 to 7 students out of modal enrollments of 20 to 28 will actually follow through. This is not “cheating,” it is providing feedback to those students that desire it. Graduating seniors could generally care less, and because the day on which grades are due comes after the time when most students have left campus, the request for the envelopes is appropriate and efficient. under the circumstances procrastination generally vanishes. You already have some sense from looking at the earlier draft about where the student will end up in the grade distribution, confirmed by a reading of the final draft, and are now free of the need to justify the final grade to students who have voted not to hear about such justification.

    Yes, the cost. Envelope: $.25. Stamps: $.88. Total cost to student $1.13. considering that this is a guarantee that 60 min. or more of your time is well spent rather than entirely wasted, seems like a fair bargain.

  • newassistantprof30s

    I second mottgreene.

    I have just finished my first year and have found the stamped, self-addressed envelope a huge time saver. For my graduate level course, I had 12 supply envelopes out of a class of 26. Thank goodness my mentor taught me this!

  • greendolphin

    The conference plan has one problem: some students get their grades earlier than others. I always thought the protocols required releasing all grades for a section at once. What I find helps to speed up my grading (I teach a professional writing course) is to use a rubric – a “fill-in-the-blanks” approach. I grade electronically, so I just copy and paste the rubric into each “paper” (digitally submitted). If some criterion has been appropriate met, I can just type “yes” – and save all the writing for the criteria that have not been met.

  • http://about.me/jbj Jason B. Jones

    I don’t even bother. Obviously I read and put a grade on everything, and then only provide comments for students who ask–which is a pretty small number!

  • http://twitter.com/mapastory KBS

    If you are grading freshman papers online, you might notice that you tend to make the same comments repeatedly. If so, save them in a file and copy/paste them to the students’ paper as needed. For more involved points, you might simply ask the student to make an appointment to speak to you about that comment. Having dual monitors makes grading easier, too.

  • wrappedupinbooks

    I do the same thing, heathermwhitney. I generally reward myself with episodes of shows that have been piling up in my Hulu queue after I grade a certain percentage of the essays that have been piling up on my desk.

  • http://twitter.com/mapastory KBS

    Another technique that jeff sommers spoke about at 4C’s this year: audio commenting. He says he can produce a more robust, 1.5-page response in only 5 minutes by doing audio commenting.

  • drlandsnark

    Great post! I’ve started using a similar strategy in my large (100-300 students) intro science sections. The exams have about 2/3 of the points on machine-graded multiple choice, and the remaining 1/3 on free-response that I score myself. As exams are turned in, I alphabetize them, and I run the Scantrons before I even get back to my office. Then I post office hours the next day (a day when I normally wouldn’t have office hours, or at least when normally not many students would be coming by.) Students generally filter in slowly enough that I can find, score and record each person’s paper while she waits; any lulls between students are spent working on the rest of the stack (I’m sitting at the tutoring table with them in front of me anyway, might as well). The tedium is broken up by the students coming in. By the end of the office hour block, the pile is usually down to a much less intimidating level; the students who really care have gotten their grade back about 24 hours after the exam, which I think is a really fast turnaround for free-response on a class this size, and everyone else trickles in slowly over the next week or so during regular office hours. In addition, I get to make eye contact and have a conversation with students who might need a bit of a push to do better next time.

    I don’t see any reason why all students should get their grades at the same time. I’ve never liked using class time to hand back a hundred exams, so my students have always had to come to my office to pick up their scored exams. Their grades don’t get posted to Bb until after they pick up their papers (this keeps me from ending up with a huge stack of papers left over at the end of the semester, that I then have to curate for a year before I can shred them.) Of course, unfortunately, each term a few students show up to the final exam without having picked up any of the regular hour exams (and usually having ignored a few email pleas to come in and see me during office hours).

  • http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=67402578 Christopher Sedelmaier

    I use a strategy similar to this when I am grading drafts of literature reviews in my Research Methods class. Certain issues crop up pretty often (e.g., entire in-line citation missing, page number or year in in-line citation missing, etc.), so I took the 10-12 most common issues and created a numbered list that I post on my BlackBoard site. That way, I just use superscripts to denote those common comments which gives me more time for commenting on the more complex problems.

  • dpmccain

    I decreased my backlog of grading by increasing the quality of my assignments. Too often, teachers assign a lengthy term paper, when a well written 500 word argument with two cited references would suffice.

    Additionally, I accept an increasing number of email attachments, (if the students use Word). I am able to insert comments in the margin, and send it back to the student within a shorter period of time (rather than have students wait until the next class meeting). I have also discovered that some students really don’t care about improving, so don’t pick up their papers. The are even some who become irritated if I don’t alphabetize the assignments being returned.

    For several quarters I took the time to make folders with each student’s name on the folder some quarters…120 folders). But I found out that no matter what I did, the students who were there to learn picked up their assignments, and those who didn’t; didn’t.

    Having had professors in graduate school who sat on assignments forever, I turn around assignments within a week. As we only meet once a week, it is important for my students to know where they stand.

  • 11223435

    I teach a similar sort of class, together with a dissertation proposal writing seminar. Early in the semester, I do longhand ink (!) comments on the papers, and schedule individual conferences to go over several of the student papers. At that point, I begin to grade by email attachments. It seems to work very well.

    I grade/react to papers individually, and “celebrate” each completed paper by allowing myself to check my email, a website, etc or to read the next chapter in, say, a Michael Connelly novel.

    Problem is, it all seems to work well until the final grading period, when I have 10 or so proposals to react to, each of which is 70-80 pages long, each of which I’ve seen pieces of, and drafts of, at least once or twice during the semester.

    Grades are due tomorrow and so far I’ve read about 16 pages of The Lincoln Lawyer….

  • drnels

    Since I do all of my grading electronically, I tell students I grad them in the order I get them, and I will sometimes return the first ones earlier than the last. It’s one of the rewards for getting the paper in early, and it helps when I’m done with eighteen out of twenty-four, and something has come up that will make me late with those last six. I tell them that they were the last six and will get them within X amount of time. I’ve noticed most students don’t care about when they get work back as long as they are in the loop about the process.

  • jeffkaron

    This technique works if you already have given extensive feedback on previous assignments, so that you need only a few focused comments and a grade on a later, final draft of a paper or project. Write a brief, formal thank-you note or card to each student (which also teaches them the power of writing such notes). You will feel better about grading and so will they, as long as they have made made some objective effort. You won’t have that familiar empty feeling.

    Jeff Karon

  • http://about.me/jbj Jason B. Jones

    Billie wrote about audio comments for us in 2009. I always worry that I’ll sound cranky or tired!

    Likewise, George wrote about putting your most-used comments into Text Expander back in September.

  • dld18

    I will accept late work but let students know that they will receive a lower grade and less (if any) feedback.

  • harb2073

    I also do this, and I find that telling them that I’ll get the papers back within 2 weeks helps keep me on schedule.

  • dkompare

    I went entirely paperless this year, and while I still need to speed up my grading, I’ve found embedding comments in Word to be efficient. I’ve assigned keystroke macros to many common comments (a simple check mark for “good point” to entire sentences like “This would have benefited from another pass through for greater style and clarity.”) which greatly facilitates the process, yet still maintains they’re getting useful feedback.

    My problem is taking too long to get to “cruising altitude,” i.e., getting in the grading zone (where you can zip through papers and exams) where the distractions (Prep! Reading! Twitter!) can be set aside.

  • http://twitter.com/mapastory KBS

    I had a look just now. It reminds me of Markin. I confess that I don’t use Markin regularly. I suppose I could set it up to emphasize higher-order concerns, but it comes already set up for sentence-level concerns, and it does take time to customize. (OTOH, you can share the customized buttons with colleagues.) (It’s a UK product, and I hear that in the UK, writing instructors are expected to edit their students’ work.)

  • http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=67402578 Christopher Sedelmaier

    “Problem is, it all seems to work well until the final grading period,
    when I have 10 or so proposals to react to, each of which is 70-80 pages
    long, each of which I’ve seen pieces of, and drafts of, at least once
    or twice during the semester.”

    Yes, that’s the rub – I have the same issue come Thanksgiving or so when the completed proposals are due. Haven’t figured out a good solution to THAT part yet!

  • mirlee

    I, too, am paperless and grade similarly to dkompare. Since I have online and on-site students, I couldn’t imagine grading any other way. I will have to use the macro trick though. I usually keep a running list of comments that I have used throughout that I copy paste in.

    Another tactic that I employ is to have an assignment with a floating due date. For instance in one class, each student must complete two opinion papers of 2-3 pages based on any week’s assigned readings. They get to pick which weeks they write. Normally, I get no more than four papers for any given week. My goal on these papers, due electronically by 3pm day of class, is to have them graded and back by class at 6pm. Not only do I get to knock of an assignment quickly, I know if they are reading and thinking, and I get additional discussion topics for that night’s class.

  • ychumanities

    I use Jing to create a screen capture video, so students hear me comment on their work while they see the essay on the screen (where I highlight or use the cursor to point at particular sections.) The feedback from students has been uniformly positive. Especially for online classes, it really creates a more personal experience.

  • marybmary

    I wish some of the critics of higher education could read these posts. They show how much work the faculty do, how difficult it is, and how responsible faculty are in getting their jobs done! I am retired now, but I remember the days of wine and grading very well, and the relief of finishing the last paper or exam of the term. But I also knew that I had done my duty. Take that, Governor Scott and all you others!

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