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Penn State Board’s Support for Paterno and Spanier Is ‘Eroding’

November 8, 2011, 1:11 pm

University Park, Pa. — The two highest-ranking officials left standing in the child-sex-abuse scandal at Pennsylvania State University may not make it through the week, The Chronicle has learned.

Graham B. Spanier, the university’s president, and Joe Paterno, its longtime football coach, are losing support on the university’s Board of Trustees, which plans to take up the issue in a closed-door session on Thursday, three individuals with close ties to senior leadership of the university said this morning.

Penn State Scandal: Read Complete Chronicle Coverage

“Any idea that the board is being placid or complacent is misplaced. The board is very concerned about this, and I believe the board will demonstrate its concern forcefully,” said one of the sources, who asked to remain anonymous because no official decision has been made. That individual has had contact with more than a dozen of the board’s 32 members.

When news broke on Friday about the arrest of a former Penn State defensive coordinator, Jerry Sandusky, on charges of molesting at least eight children over a 15-year span, some board members heard the news on the radio, while others learned of it from family members, one source told The Chronicle.

The university’s response angered some of its trustees, who called emergency sessions late Saturday and again on Sunday. Early Monday the board issued a statement announcing that Timothy M. Curley, Penn State’s athletic director, and Gary C. Schultz, its senior vice president for finance and business, would step down.

“Many members of the board feel they were blindsided by this. That has made it difficult to move swiftly, but I think the board is moving with alacrity considering that fact,” said the source.

Both Mr. Paterno’s and Mr. Spanier’s wide popularity have also made their dismissals less certain, but support for both leaders is “eroding,” according to the three individuals.

That has upset some people close to Penn State’s top official, said one of the sources. “Graham has been, in my view, an excellent president,” the source said. “This is a really unfortunate, tragic situation. If he had been a bad president, it’d be an easier issue.”

On Monday the Pennsylvania attorney general said Mr. Paterno was not a target of the continuing criminal investigation.

Yet the coach’s job appears to be on the line, according to the three people with knowledge of the matter. “I don’t think the ball is in his court anymore,” one said.

Since Sunday, Penn State’s Board of Trustees has not met formally to discuss any actions it may take this week. And its large, dispersed nature may make it difficult to reach an immediate consensus.

“The status, trajectory, and speed of this—and what’s actually going to happen—I cannot predict,” said one of the sources. “I just know it’s coming to a head.”

Phone and text messages left for Bill Mahon, Penn State’s communications director, were not immediately returned.

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  • http://twitter.com/timetraveler3 alisea williams mc

    Yes, both of you are nitpicking. It is strange that you would comment on the writer’s grammar and not at all on the substance of her article.

    Thank you Ms. Gasman for your vigilance on the subject of black colleges, which, in this critical economic time in our nation, would appear to be under constant assault. Thanks for last week’s report as well from NAFEO’s Press Club meeting. I agree that social media may assist black institutions in telling their own stories.

  • oldcommprof

    Perhaps it is because the two comment writers found fault only with the grammar and not the conclusions. I know I did. Some of us still care about the written word.

  • lexalexander

    Speaking as a 1-person communications office, I can understand why the video didn’t specify cost: You don’t want to have to remake or re-edit the video every year when the process the video explains stays more or less the same year to year.

    I found Duke’s 2011-12 undergrad figure of $57,180 from a standing start in about 1.5 seconds by Googling “cost of attendance” site:duke.edu. As my 13-year-old daughter wishes to go to Duke, this is disturbing … but not hard to find.

  • martisco

    The board had better take this last chance to do the right thing… and clean house utterly.  Spanier has to go.  Paterno has to go.  People on Twitter are already calling it “Predator State University” and “Pederast State University.”  That’s pretty bad.

  • tee_bee

    Wow. When this news broke and Spanier indicated his “unconditional support” for the AD, I figured “he’s outta there” pretty much right away. There was absolutely no reason to make such an unequivocal statement of support before having the facts. Maybe he misspoke. Whatever–regardless of his popularity, he’s gotta go.

  • davi2665

    The important question that needs to be answered is “did Spanier and Paterno know that there was a report that Sandusky was observed by a graduate student molesting a minor?”  If they were informed, even after the fact, and did not report this to the authorities for thorough investigation, then they should be dismissed, even if there are not prosecutable criminal offenses.  Molesting a minor is not a trivial infraction that can be swept under the rug in order to protect a football program, even at the mighty Penn State.  It is difficult to believe that something this serious managed to escape the incredibly leaky academic grape vine at Penn State, and only now emerges at a much later date.  It stretches one’s credulity that the top level people could even begin to claim “plausible deniability.”  No wonder the Penn State board is upset- this is a terrible blemish on their reputation, and if they try the same stonewalling “rope-a-dope” that the president tried, they will be hung out to dry as well.

  • http://www.facebook.com/people/Jr-Clark/100002835268274 J.r. Clark

    Joe Paterno is equal parts Roman emperor, Il Duce, and Godfather.  Spanier cancelled Paterno’s press conference today because Paterno intended to defiantly challenge reporters asking if he would resign or retire.  The coach plans to dig in his heels and refuses to leave.

    In 2004, when the university president suggested Paterno retire, the coach refused. 

    Unfortunately, Paterno will go out the way most dictator-types do:  in disgrace.

  • greeneyeshade

    It’s hard not to react with disgust to this situation.  Once you read the attorney general’s report, the depth of the depravity and scope of Sandusky’s behavior hits like a freight train.  This is a very sick man and everyone who actively or passively protected him needs to go.

    Turning over a CEO, CFO and head football coach at an institution known for its football program will be a major institutional shake-up.  No doubt there’s very little else being talked about on campus.  The bigger they are….

  • rtmyers

    Where is the leadership in this situation?  This is clearly child abuse at its most basic and despicable level.  Sandusky and Paterno were as close as brothers.  This stinks of the Catholic Church and the enabling of criminal behavior.

  • sand6432

    Another question to ask is, did Paterno and Spanier know about the campus police report filed in 1998 detailing an incident at that time for which Sandusky apologized to the mother of the victim. And assuming they did (as it is extremely difficult to believe they did not, as Sandusky was then still a PSU employee), would not a further incident in 2002 have raised a red flag for them and led them to do much more than they did at that time? It should have been clear by 2002 that there was a pattern of behavior here that necessitated doing more than sweeping it under the rug.

  • cliftonw

    Tragic for everyone involved.

  • chemmilt

    Looks like some at Penn State are heading to State Pen.

  • RKGriffith

    According to the grand jury report, the graduate assistant told Paterno about the molestation the day after the assistant witnessed it.  Paterno’s response was to tell the AD.  Neither the assistant nor Paterno called the cops.  They both disgust me.

  • wchristie

    It would appear that Spanier has to go for committing the one unpardonable presidential sin:  He allowed his Board to be blindsided.  There’s no excuse for that.

    Paterno’s case is less clear, and I don’t think there is enough information available yet to draw firm conclusions.  I’m no Paterno fan; but if he told his supervisor everything he knew as soon as he heard it, as some reports suggest, then he had a right to expect that his supervisor would pass the information to the proper authorities and see that proper steps were taken.  Paterno is, after all, a football coach, not university general counsel.  That said, Paterno also has a moral obligation to follow up later and ask for reassurance that the matter was being dealt with appropriately.  We do not at present have enough information to draw accurate conclusions.  I hope that the Board will ask very specific questions and then take firm action based on the facts,not on reputation or popularity.

  • westone

    From Spanier’s PSU official bio: “He holds academic appointments as professor of human development and family studies, sociology, demography, and family and community medicine.A distinguished researcher and scholar, he has more than 100 scholarly publications, including 10 books, and was the founding editor of the Journal of Family Issues. A family sociologist, demographer, and marriage and family therapist….

    Glad he is such an expert on family issues and therapy! 

  • wchristie

    Have to be a little careful here.  The assistant should have told Paterno and the cops.  He was a witness.  Paterno should have told the assistant to tell the cops (we don’t know whether he did) and Paterno should have told the AD, which he did.  But if Paterno had gone to the cops based just on hearsay, and if the allegations had turned out to be false, then Paterno could have been charged with defamation.  I hate to be put in a position of defending Paterno, and I don’t mean to defend him.  But I do think we should suspend judgment on the degree of his culpability until more facts come out.

  • http://www.facebook.com/people/Jon-Kinneman/100001287451555 Jon Kinneman

    I don’t know how the board could claim to be “blindsided” by this. News of the investigation was published in the Harrisburg Patriot-News in March 2011. It seems more like the board was hoping that Paterno’s demigod status in Pennsylvania would continue to protect Sandusky and make this issue just go away. More disturbing is why Sandusky still had access to the university’s facilities while being investigated. 

  • icbomber23

    What a number of people have missed, as you’ve pointed out, is the very distinct difference between a legal and moral obligation.

    Here’s the bottom line: at Penn State, Joe Paterno is probably the most powerful man on campus. He may not admit that publicly, but it’s most certainly the case. (This is not unique to Penn State, naturally)

    Do people not believe that, had Paterno taken a more active role in the issue, that it could have been stopped sooner? You think, if Joe Paterno had called the Pennsylvania State Police and said, “I’ve just had a member of my staff tell me something incredibly sick and disturbing” that it would have mattered that he didn’t follow letter-of-the-law protocol? This is a living legend who heard about the kind of acts that our society is uniformly appalled by. Paterno’s apparent lack of response is staggeringly disappointing

  • goldenrae9
  • greatexpectations

    A portion of the inertia in this story is based on whether Paterno acted or did not act appropriately. Lesson learned from this highly visible case:  universities should unequivocally state in handbooks and policies and codes of conduct: if a criminal activity is reported to you, call the police. Period. The law can deal with the legality and the university has eliminated any doubt or culpability.

  • fruitysudz

    Before they “clean house” I think it’s important for them to interview the people involved to hear their story. I’d really hate to see Paterno get sacked when he reported the incident to his superiors right away. It was not Joe’s job to investigate this, and he should be given the opportunity to leave with the class he’s brought to Penn State for the last 46 years. I would be very angry if the board were to have a knee jerk reaction and not speak with Spanier and Paterno directly. They deserve at least that much.

  • wchristie

    I’ve been in a somewhat analogous position.  I once had a student come to me and allege that to her certain knowledge another student was dealing drugs on campus.  I urged her to call the police, and I also called to police to ask for guidance.  The police made it very clear that they did not want to hear from me.  They had to hear directly from the witness.  They also made it clear that they did not want any names from me.  For one thing, I would have been defaming the named student if the allegations were untrue.  Of course, I have never been a campus legend.  But however great Paterno’s moral obligation, he had also to be careful how he carried out that obligation.  Once again, we just don’t have enough information to draw firm conclusions about Paterno.  I do think the Board can get the necessary information, and I hope they get it and act on it properly and firmly.

  • wchristie

    I did.  Page 8 of the report makes it clear that Paterno discussed what he had heard with the vice president who supervised the University police.  Since Penn State is a public institution, the University police are a state law enforcement agency.  That discussion clearly discharges Paterno’s legal obligation.  I still hold that we don’t know enough to decide whether he discharged his moral obligation.

  • torshi

    Yes — this has been the talk of Centre Co. for months.  The board’s claim of being blindsided is puzzling, unless they mean “humiliated,” but the stage was set for that to happen long ago.  

    Paterno’s age makes him more vulnerable than he would be otherwise.

    The dominant tone of the dozens of reports I’ve read is outrage, and that’s understandable.  But these stories are not conveying the very deep sense of betrayal felt on campus and in town.

  • icbomber23

    I understand what you’re saying, but my post, (hopefully)  was not meant to say that Paterno’s word meant everyone just goes to prison. However, Paterno making a call certainly would have spurned the wheels of justice into action much quicker and hopefully, much more thoroughly.

    Even in your response, you pointed out a difference: You called the police. Paterno did not. Even if the police had given Paterno the same response you got, you can bet there would have been a better response from them if the call comes from Joe Paterno. I’m not trying to diminish your role, I’m just saying that I believe things like this are handled differently when people of enormous power are involved.

  • nacrandell

    The idea that the sports department dictates university policy is scary. The incoming president for the University of Alabam tied his salary to $1.00 more than Bear Bryant.

    Paterno has a history of supporting his coaches rather than students. For years he supported Rene Portland, who reworked scholarships if she thought a woman basketball player was a lesbian. Despite numerous complaints, and defections to other schools, he supported her.

    He may be the winningest coach in the league, but he’s not the child and student friendliest.

  • http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=1046035154 Francene Botts-Butler

    The Board should have been notified of the pending charges whenever the President learned of them.  It does not bode well for the President that the Board members heard about Mr. Sandusky’s arrest from family members or from listening to the radio.  I believe Penn might have a visit from the Office of Civil Rights and other agencies in their future to address these allegations and the fact that when Joe Paterno reported the incident that there was no investigation.  Also, was Sandusky still utilizing Penn satellite facilities even after he was required to turn in the keys?  These actions don’t pass the smell test.

  • goingcrazy1

    I went to Penn State. Being a “Penn Stater” has been an enormous part of my identity for a log time. I am so perplexed by what has occurred, and everyday new information makes it harder and harder to maintain my faith in what had always been regarded as such a “morally” run football program. I just really hope that the students who are on the main campus right now are able to hold their heads up high and focus on their studies. I can only imagine what this must be doing to them.

  • rebek56

    Eliminate big-time sports at purported institutions of higher education, and you lessen the power and influence of people like Sandusky.

  • grendel

    Perhaps the biggest takeaway from many of these sex abuse stories is that large, powerful institutions, including not only the Catholic Church and the Boy Scouts but also colleges and universities, are extraordinarily bad at policing themselves. That is why law enforcement should always be involved, automatically and as a matter of course. Administrators and coaches — who are professionally and financially invested in the reputation of a school — do not, and should not, have any latitude in deciding which issues are worth investigating.

  • 11280282

    An additional issue that has not been posed so far is  what  did the Board of Trustees know, when, and what action did they take?  One must question to what degree the Board is capable of rendering a series of action decisions in this matter and shouldn’t an external entity be investigating the situation at Penn State beside the Attorney General’s Office and not the Board? 

  • soonerdgs

    Renellin – couldn’t agree with you more.  Young may have been in congress for almost 40 years, but before that he worked in construction, fishing, trapping & gold mining – and even captained a tugboat.  (ps I got this from wikipedia, knowing it would drive the elitist academics crazy)  I’ d guess that most Americans would say he’s done more with his life than the esteemed Dr from Rice who’s resume is to have written a bunch of books.

  • _perplexed_

    I suppose the good news for us is that in several places around the world, but not in the US, Douglas Brinkley would have been shot for a performance like this.

  • drspektor

    Representative Young certainly made a fool of himself in this exchange.  Telling an invited speaker  to be quiet as he did – totally disrespectful.  Rep. Young should listen to those who know mare than he does.   Dr. Brinkley should have got up and walked out.

  • George Schwarz

    From the Amarillo Independent:

    The Cowards of an Arrogant CongressTuesday, 22 November 2011 11:11 |  |  | If the citizens of the United States needed any more evidence that our national government is broken, we need look no further than this week’s news that the George mug-colorso-called congressional supercommittee has failed to agree on deficit reduction and taxes. And, they fiddled while Washington burned.This august (That’s sarcasm, folks.) group of legislators, supported by millions of tax dollars for their salaries, their staffs’ salaries and all of the perquisites that go along with being members of Congress, could not reach an agreement to rein in spending and increase revenue. The Christian Science Monitor has a great summary of the situation here and the Washington Post has a graphic telling us more about this entire dirty dozen who are an insult to our democracy and besmirch the name of representative government by kicking the can down the road once more. They are a gutless group more interested in protecting themselves than serving the people. Texans have a representative on this 12-member congressional body that is a failure. He is Rep. Jeb Hensarling, a Republican representing District 5 in East Texas.And we the people pay their salary.Which brings us to another piece of congressional arrogance that brings far more credit to Texas than the discredit that Hensarling brings to our fair state.In a video that has by now surely gone viral, Dr. Douglas Brinkley, a Rice University history professor, stands up to Alaska Republican Rep. Donald Young and, ultimately, to Natural Resources Committee Chairman Richard “Doc” Hastings. By the way, a review of a variety of sites attempting to track down credentials that justified the nickname of “Doc” Hastings resulted in no evidence for such an honorific title. Once again, we see the duplicity of a politician.During the hearing, as several sources (here and here) report, Brinkley stood up to Young and Hastings despite both of their attempts to discount him. Hastings’ assertion that Brinkley destroyed the comity of Congress is the height of hypocrisy.A website based in Houston chided Brinkley for interrupting, labeling Brinkley’s behavior a major breach of protocol. However, somehow and some way, the citizenry needs to send a lesson to the plutocracy in Congress: “You are not better than we are. We pay your salaries. You work for us. You owe us the respect that one would give an employer.”As I conducted research for this commentary, I couldn’t help but notice the resources poured into the construction of congressional websites for both individual members of Congress and, for example, theNatural Resources Committee. No wonder incumbency is so powerful.The election next year is critical. Congress is rotting, filled with deadwood corrupted to the core. Honesty and integrity have become empty words. We the people are on the precipice of being no more than an empty slogan.I pray that by next year every congressional district and Senate seat will offer voters a choice between an incumbent and challenger. I hope the challengers win and if we throw a few babies out with the bathwater in order to clean house, so be it.

  • George Schwarz

    If the citizens of the United States needed any more evidence that our national government is broken, we need look no further than this week’s news that the so-called congressional supercommittee has failed to agree on deficit reduction and taxes. And, they fiddled while Washington burned.

    This august (That’s sarcasm, folks.) group of legislators, supported by millions of tax dollars for their salaries, their staffs’ salaries and all of the perquisites that go along with being members of Congress, could not reach an agreement to rein in spending and increase revenue. The Christian Science Monitor has a great summary of the situation here and
    the Washington Post has a graphic telling us more about this entire dirty dozen
    who are an insult to our democracy and besmirch the name of representative
    government by kicking the can down the road once more. They are a gutless group
    more interested in protecting themselves than serving the people. Texans have a
    representative on this 12-member congressional body that is a failure. He is Rep. Jeb
    Hensarling, a Republican representing District 5 in East Texas.

    And we the people pay their salary.

    Which brings us to another piece of congressional arrogance that brings far more credit to Texas than the discredit that Hensarling brings to our fair state.

    In a video that has by now surely gone viral, Dr. Douglas Brinkley, a Rice University
    history professor, stands up to Alaska Republican Rep. Donald Young and, ultimately, to Natural Resources Committee Chairman Richard “Doc” Hastings. By the way, a review of a variety of sites attempting to track down credentials that justified the nickname of
    “Doc” Hastings resulted in no evidence for such an honorific title. Once again, we see the duplicity of a politician.

    During the hearing, as several sources report, Brinkley stood up to Young and Hastings despite both of their attempts to discount him. Hastings’ assertion that Brinkley destroyed the comity of Congress is the height of hypocrisy.

    A website based in Houston chided Brinkley for interrupting, labeling Brinkley’s behavior a major breach of protocol. However, somehow and some way, the citizenry needs to send a
    lesson to the plutocracy in Congress: “You are not better than we are. We pay your salaries. You work for us. You owe us the respect that one would give an employer.”

    As I conducted research for this commentary, I couldn’t help but notice the resources poured into the construction of congressional websites for both individual members of Congress and, for example, theNatural Resources Committee. No wonder incumbency is so powerful.

    The election next year is critical. Congress is rotting, filled with deadwood corrupted to the core. Honesty and integrity have become empty words. We the people are on the precipice of being no more than an empty slogan.

    I pray that by next year every congressional district and Senate seat will offer voters a choice between an incumbent and challenger. I hope the challengers win and if we throw a few babies out with the bathwater in order to clean house, so be it.

  • soonerdgs

    Are you kidding me?  The fool in the room was Brinkley. He didn’t even give Young the chance to correct himself before he was denigrating the Congressman for having attended Yuba Community College.   The citizens of this country may attribute arrogance and elitism to how  Congress works, but Brinkley proved himself to me cut of the same elitist fabric.  

  • nacrandell

    The chairman handled it poorly, however as it is a House of Representative committee they are both of the same party:

    1. The congressman should have been told to tone down his remarks without shifting responsibility to the professor, and

     2. The chairman should not have threatened the professor with removal. – What’s next, cite the professor for contempt of Congress and jail him?

    Remember Oliver North’s attorney’s remark to a zealous committee member? – “Senator, I am not a potted plant.”

  • laischron

    Dr. Brinkley is a distinguished scholar whose motivation and whose contributions related to US natural resources and the health of the planet are to be warmly applauded.  That he stands up for something of inherent value that runs contrary to the foolish, short-term, self-interest of those who lick the booths of corporate America such as the blight on Congressman Young, yet another ignorant and arrogant elected Alaskan official, is to me an act of courage and insight.  Yes, the argument got heated and off track, but the fundamental issue of the mindless Palin-like “drill baby drill” ideology that the Congressman evidenced should not be driven into the background. Drilling in ANWR would be both stupid and virtually valueless to the US given the amount of oil & gas the US uses daily and the total that ANWR would yield. What would ANWR give us? Enough for perhaps 6 months to serve our national ill-advised consumptive excess? The undefended claim by the esteemed Congressman that only 3000 acres would be involved fails to see the interconnected nature of natural systems and precisely how much needless damage could be done to serve such narrow corporate interest of such limited value.

    I commend the courage and wisdom of Dr. Brinkley.  I am ashamed of Cngressman Young.  Indeed, Congress as a whole is imploding, being devoured by corporate America and narrow mined people who should and indeed do know better if they have eyes oi see.  Education has failed Congress and it has failed our nation.  We need many, many more Douglas Brinkley’s.  We do not need a single additional Congressman Young.

    ABS
    Professor Emeritus
    Golden, Colorado

  • soonerdgs

    You use your disdain for the subject of drilling in ANWAR as a shield to protect Brinkley’s vanity. Brinkley may be revered as a distinguished scholar amongst those of you with Ph.Ds, but he comes across on video to the rest of us as an arrogant elitist when he implied that a community college education made the Congressman to be an educational unequal.    

    So, just curious… when a student offers a differing opinion in the classroom, do such distinguished colleagues sneer at them, then impune their lack of educational pedigree.  Is that what higher eduction has become? Its interesting how those who are supposed to be so open to the thought of discussion and debate can appear so closed-minded and colored.

  • drspektor

    Looked to me like Rep. Young fired the first shot.   I think that Young purposely called Dr. Brinkley “Mr. Rice” just to goad him.
    And personally, I would prefer to be represented by Congress members who are well-educated.

  • 22020476

    Respect must go both ways.  Most of the comments here are disregarding the fact that Young referred to Brinkley’s testimony as “garbage”.  That’s what instigated the exchange.  That was downright rude and uncalled for, and Young deserved what he got.  The chair was in error to only criticize Brinkley.  He should have asked Young to tone it down as well.

  • jffoster

    And do I detect a little disdain for Ph Ds and anybody who would imply that there might be better educations than community colleges generally provide? 

    I am inclined to favor drilling in restricted areas in the Refuge. However, while  ABS (laischron) above does not tell us what he is professor emeritus of, I note his residence in Golden.  If he’s a “wramblin wreck from Golden Tech”, i.e. the Colorado School of Mines, it is very possible he knows more about it than either a cc graduate of years ago or a current history professor at Rice Institute, and I’d be inclined to give his views considerable attention and consideration.

    BTW, I thought from the tape / tube clip that both the Congressman from Alaska and the History Professor from Rice were way out of line.

  • mikelutz

    Drilling in ANWR would be one of the most intelligent things this nation could do. Only a smidgen of the refuge is up for drilling, and it could (along with the pipeline from Canada and natural gas extraction) go far to reducing our dependence on foreign energy sources. And yes, I know Canada is “foreign” but not in the way of Middle Eastern kleptocracies and their ilk.

    Something tells me, though, that ABS, whoever he or she is, expects that it is others who will suffer the consequences (along the lines of other grandees and hypocrites like Al Gore and Tom Friedman). Brinkley’s sinecure at Rice similarly shields him from the consequences of his own recommendations.

  • mikelutz

    I happen to agree with this in terms of civility. I also believe that the congressman’s experience and opinions are based on his experiences on the ground, not pontificating. There is a need for both informed research and pragmatic knowledge in discussing energy policy – I do wish Young and Brinkley had remembered that before, during, and after their exchange.

  • mseifter

    Congressman Young’s sorry behavior at this hearing is symptomatic of the garbage that we Americans are coming to accept as legitimately representing our interests in government, and damn all alternatives. In dismissing him as the ill-tempered fool that he undoubtedly is, we should reflect, on this Day of Thanks, that he did not land in Congress via a spaceship from Mars, but WE ELECTED HIM, much like all those good Germans in 1933 elected the little housepainter  Young is representative of the general run of parochial, intolerant, bigoted, no-nothing (and proud to be so, dammit!) politicians who are being floated by the GOP this year, because, simply, Party heads are terrified of supporting anyone of intelligence, moderation, reasoning power, and compromise, lest their parochial, bigoted, intolerant and NO-NOTHING electorate, hooked in to the Goebbels-like hatred-stoking of Beck and Limbaugh, will dump them as a party and split off to ensure Obama’s re-election in 2012. Americans have always been like this; intolerant of other peoples’ opinion, short-fused, violent, racist, sexist and committed to milking this country of whatever wealth it possessed, and then throwing the refuse in a great big landfill, to let someone else clean up the mess. You don’t believe me, read Alexis de Tocqueville’s still-right on “Democracy in America”: democracy, that is, for white Christian male adults exclusively.

  • darccity

    Young is one of the very worst in Congress, whether measured by incompetence, corruption, partisanship, or ideology. He is practically the only congressman that Alaska has ever had. That may be alright for a state that has a negative tax rate and that receives far more federal funds per capita than any other state, but he’s certainly no asset to America or the planet. Great to see these folks defend him.

  • mseifter

    To darccity):

    Points taken. Then, the good citizens of Alaska, Sarah Palin’s people, owe the nation for this mark of Cain on their collective forehead. Otherwise, my opinions stand: the politician who represents a particular constituency, speaks for that constituency, or, in our little system here, he/she is increasingly liable to lose his/her job. Increasingly, politically disaffected Americans seem to be advancing extremist, intolerant-of-compromise political mandates on their respective Senators or Congresspeople, since they feel that the System has failed them and if they do not speak up at once, their will shall be completely forgotten, and Biblical darkness will descend on the faithful… Inevitably this recourse to extremist, unreasoning voices, uncompromising, one-way only messages by the Vox populi directed at their political representatives ends in general system paralysis and breakdown on the national level. Is this really what we want, people screaming at one another, with the amount of bandwidth given to each other’s media spokesmen being the deciding point as to what in the end prevails as national policy?

    Saudi and the other resource-rich (or even resource poor) Middle Eastern rentier state despotisms do not need to curry the intelligence or the responsible views of their respective populations, although in the wake of regimes going down in Tunisia, Egypt (at least the despot figureehead there), Libya and Yemen, the little kings and lieutenants and feudal baron gangsters who rule throughout this region are increasingly whistling as they walk past the graveyard. Their time is coming too, the Asads and the Abdallahs and even the Akhmadinedjads and Kameneis realize all too well. But in America, we have chosen to at least rhetorically operate by a different political and social standard, that of the Lockean social contract between rulers and ruled. Those who aspire to rule in our country cannot (theoretically) dare to presume to rule in behalf, only, of some small vested interest which fills their pockets with favors owed them exclusively, and monies in payment of. At least, this is the presumption of democracy, no matter how little these theories have traveled from the documents of our Founding Fathers to the muck of practical politics. Those who rule must rule in behalf of, and to benefit, le peuple entier, not on the foolish and self-deceiving wish and a prayer of Tea Party moroni, who want to give over the farm to those already glutted with privilege, power and money, on the slim chance that In Gratitude, this same elite will throw some jobs down the hill for the rest of us poor slobs. The other side of the political contract, and this implemented by that great hoary genius of compromise in the nineteenth century, Henry Clay (who nearly singlehandedly prevented the Civil War from being fought in the1820s rather than in the 1860s) comes to the nearly forgotten-especially by Know Nothing Republicans and the Tea Party tin hat brigade-art of compromise, of treating your opponent in the highest levels of government with respect and decency, looking for possibilities of agreement rather than aavenues for controversy and aggression.

    This Lockean Social Contract has, I feel, been forgotten by the GOP un-worthies, who are coming to shelter themselves in the outposts of racism, sexism, caving to empty, bloviated rhetoric, and like emotions. In so doing, these people are betraying their patriotism, and endangering the welfare of our people, OUR AMERICAN PEOPLE, ONE AND UNITED. The GOP, and their tin-hat allies, and the lobbyists and hatred-stoking media that keeps all afloat on a continuous effluvia of nonsense and recrimination, are revealing themselves as the real traitors in our midst.

  • soonerdgs

    So graduating from a community college isn’t a description of being well-educated.  Or even moving on and getting a bachelor’s degree, as Congressman Young did?  

    What a narrow-minded view that people have to have a Ph.D. to be considered well-educated.  My guess is that most soccer moms, or small business persons, and other ordinary Americans (without a Ph.D.) could do better than most of the “well-educated” elitists already there.

  • soonerdgs

    The only disdain is reflected towards a person who implies that they are better than others  because of their education. One may have more education or more degrees, but that doesn’t make them “better”.  And I think that is what Dr. Brinkley was doing – attacking Young because of his inferior education and lack of educational pedigree.  

    And yes, they were both out of line. Neither should have treated or been treated with such disdain.  Both should be equally embarrassed by their words.   

  • solidagojuncea

    As former Alaskan Tom Bodett pointed out, Rep. Young provides an essential function for his constituents.  When Young runs for reelection every two years, his reappearance on television reminds Alaskans that it is time to pump their septic tanks.

  • _perplexed_

    I remain thankful that in the US, unlike too many places, a man like Young does not have the authority to permantly silence those who he doesn”t like.

  • katisumas

    I basicaly agree with your main point, except that there are some fine institutions of higher learning in Alaska (I guess you’ve never heard of the University of Alaska?). 

    I am also dismayed that you and others who are  concerned about the decimation of our world’s resource actually seem to believe that if Congressman Young had a college degree or even a PhD from Harvard, he would have be different person.  Oh he might have couched his opinions in fancier words (as so many people who are opposed to any measure to try to slow  down global warming  do), but he still would be (pardon my French) a slime bucket.

    Oh and do you really believe that Sarah Palin would have been a different person if for instance she’d majored in philosophy instead of communication?  And yes, communication is a college degree.  You can get a Phd in it.  Actually, you’d be surprised to find out that some of us  find that getting some knowledge of human communication is  a crucially important endeavor.  

     I suspect  that when it comes to communication sciences. you and Congressman  Young might actually be on the same page.

  • Socratease2

    “What a narrow-minded view that people have to have a Ph.D. to be
    considered well-educated.  My guess is that most soccer moms, or small
    business persons, and other ordinary Americans (without a Ph.D.) could
    do better than most of the “well-educated” elitists already there.”

    I think you people are arguing about definitions. Yes, a BA soccer mom may be more intelligent, more capable, more charming than a PhD. But is she better educated? No, she is not, that is just the definition of the word “well-educated.” The PhD has studied longer and more intensely and has had to actually produce knowledge in an academic field. He or she is better-educated, whether the PhD is smarter or not in other life domains is completely irrelevant. And on another point, you say education doesn’t make people better than anyone else with less education. I agree with that but why the gratuitous dig at people who are in academics? And spare me the cliche attack of well educated as elitists. It generally takes ignorance, not education, to produce people who think they are better than others. Sounds like your “argument” is just the opposite, let me understand this, you are implying that  people with less education are actually smarter??  That is not a very smart arguument, but let me guess, your reasoning would be that the “soccer mom” ain’t confused by all that durn infermation and just uses her ole common cents to make her way in dis wurld. First of all, you make an odd rhetorical decision by insulting the demographic you are defending (“soccer moms” really?), and you then contrast “ordinary Americans” with academic PhDs so I can only assume that you mean PhDs are “extraordinary”? Did you not get into grad school or something?

  • lachende_schwertfisch

    Really, really?  Does one sit quietly and not respond to the rambling accusations of “elitism” and the vulgar and simplistic labeling of one’s research as garbage?  So if Professor X questions Politician Y’s credentials in making the aforesaid statements, Prof. X has committed a grievous error?  Also does Politician Y earn special status because he is labeled “politician.” Also, does Politician Y’s special status give him rights under ADA or Section 504 to make verbal attacks like ludicrous generalizations regarding testimony and research?   Does this make an “even playing field” for Politician Y to take on Professor X?  Just some questions popped into mind after viewing the video clip.

  • lachende_schwertfisch

    If Brinkley was a fool, it was because he didn’t hit harder and more often that the Congressman.

  • regmom

    Both men are educated, one more than the other.  What is most clear is that they were both absent when their respective teachers lectured about good manners.

  • connier

    Everyone is missing the real issue here, a Congressman should not serve for 38 years. He tried to tell him he was a public servant and didn’t own anyone. Give them 3 terms at most and no pension. Elect someone who is a real American and hasn’t grown up with the best of everything, someone who has rebounded from hardship. These guys make laws for them and the wealthy. It’s obvious and something must change. It sounded more like a disparaging monologue for the Congress than a discussion. Congress has lost it’s integrity.

  • bscmath78

    The article states, “the U.K. ranks just 15th among the 30 OECD countries when it comes to the numbers of people who have higher-level skills.”

    Given the millions of unemployed “people who have higher-level skills” in the EU and elsewhere, it is not clear why the UK shouldn’t have the objective of being LAST in numbers and highest in quality retained and employed in the UK. 

    The “New Scientist” magazine gives the consistent impression that STEM graduates should leave the UK because of how poorly STEM graduates have been treated in the UK for decades.  The UK STEM “brain drain” has benefited the rest of the world, but not the British taxpayer.

    It appears that Alison Wolf’s “Does Education Matter? Myths about Education and Economic Growth” has been ignored.  All the time, effort and money wasted on educational reform by a long series of UK governments has taught them and their advisers nothing.  The Amazon.com description makes it clear:

    “. . . there are no economic reasons for spending more on higher education in order to stimulate growth. The conclusion of this devastating book is that a large proportion of the billions poured into vocational training and university provision might be better spent on teaching the basics at primary school.”

  • bscmath78

    Why is the commission not exploring the really big question: How many English universities should be shutdown given the UK deficit crisis and the unemployment/underemployment of many current university graduates?  Isn’t it time to realize that the UK can no longer bear the cost of local self-esteem, local pride and pork barreling.  The time of “free ice cream and cookies for everyone” should come to an end.

    Another big question is: Why isn’t government funding restricted to Cambridge and Oxford, while all the rest are left to fend for themselves?  This should free-up large “numbers of people who have higher-level skills” making them available for corporate employment.  The timing is perfect given the lack of academic positions in the rest of the world.

  • bscmath78

    The odds of a UK Science Ph.D. becoming a professor are worse than 200 to 1 according to the 2010 Royal  Society report “The Scientific Century: securing our future prosperity” at:

    http://royalsociety.org/uploadedFiles/Royal_Society_Content/policy/publications/2010/4294970126.pdf

    Figure 1.6 on page 14 shows 0.45% of Sciences Ph.D.s become professors. 53% of Science Ph.D.s go for NON-science work right off the bat, maybe because they realize they should finally cut their losses.

    The chart with its arrows is somewhat unclear but it appears that the 30% arrow is postdocs,  3.5% is “Permanent Research Staff” (in academia)  and then 0.45% become professors. Note other arrows going to non-academic research. And just a reminder that “permanent” just means no guaranteed end date like a postdoc.  Also, the chart is based on 2005, 2008 and 2009 documents which, of course, are based on earlier, happier times.

    On the same page 14, the Royal Society states in the context of complaining about failures to recruit sufficient science and math school teachers: 

    “The Royal Society’s own research suggests that without excellent teachers there is little hope of inspiring children to stick with science.”

    No connection seems to be made between poor prospects, poor rewards and a search for better non-STEM alternatives.

    The Royal Society report makes no mention of the stats for Cambridge and Oxford Ph.D.s.  The story might well be different for Oxbridge Ph.Ds, which might mean the odds for the rest of Ph.Ds might be worse than 1,000 to 1.

  • bscmath78

    The article states, “the U.K. ranks just 15th among the 30 OECD countries when it comes to the numbers of people who have higher-level skills.”

    This seems an odd criterion given that population and history can distort the numbers.
    A much more meaningful evaluation is the % of UK post-secondary graduates aged 24-29 and 30-34 earning an annual taxable UK employment income above “the £35,000 earnings threshold” that is supposed to be applied to UK migrants. 

    The BBC says, “Prime Minister David Cameron says he wants to reduce annual net
    migration to ‘tens of thousands’ from the current level of around 250,000.”

    However, unlike migrants there should be no exceptions “The government has responded to the concerns… by exempting PhD-level jobs from the new pay threshold for settlement.”  What could be a more damning indictment of the shoddy future offered Ph.D.s.  It is damning that so many supposedly “skilled workers,” not just Ph.D.s make below the threshold. 

    Even if the threshold is not applied to migrants it seems an excellent starting metric to evaluate what are actually “higher-level skills” and the results of universities and government funding.  Of course, the threshold needs to increase each year to reflect inflation.

    “Sauce for the Goose, is sauce for the Gander.”

    Please see the February 29, 2012 BBC article, “Immigrants ‘have to earn £35,000′ to settle – from 2016″
    http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-17204297

  • elie_s_dad

    I don’t disagree with what you wrote (nor do I know anything about life in the UK).  But it is worthwhile to observe that there are positions in Finance where the employer will only consider someone with a PhD in the sciences (usually Physics).  Finance is certainly a strange, non-representative industry, but I wonder if some of the 53% of science PhDs going into non-science jobs are going into jobs for which a science PhD was considered a primary qualification (despite the fact the position itself is a non-science position).

    I am a masters student in applied math.  I don’t plan to stay in academics (I started late and a PhD is not the right choice for me) so it is almost sure that I will not be working ‘in the field of mathematics’ after graduation.  However, it is likely that my degree will be viewed as a valuable qualification in certain industries.  I think the same would be true of PhDs in fields like physics, computer science, statistics or chemistry (and probably others to).

    People who have these opportunities (I’m not saying everyone does) are just ‘cutting their losses’ in the sense that they are deciding to do something else; i.e. their education has still provided them a marginal benefit even if that benefit is not becoming a professor or doing academic research for the rest of their lives.

  • raymond_j_ritchie

    The horrifc experiences of RMIT (Royal Melbourne Inst of Technology) and Uni of NSW are just two of a long line of branch campus disasters involving Australian universities.  The injury is usually self inflicted. The lessons are never learnt, in particular their cost in money, time and labour by the parent institution.  The motivation for setting them up is TO MAKE MONEY but that is largely a mirage and self dilusional.  Admins making careers for themselves is really what drives most of these schemes.
    Branch campuses are often set up based on completely wrong information about the host country.  Often this is wilful: those who actually have first-hand experience in the host country are deliberately ignored.  After all, PC demands you must only hear things you want to hear. For example, most faculties of agriculture have a wealth of experience in SE-Asia, usually on the ground.  They are likely to provide PC-free information –  if they were ever asked..

  • paulkurucz

    Having personally witnessed and been involved in branch campus development oversees, I see a few more complexities:

    1.  Faculty employment issues in the home campus.  When there are employment challenges in the home campus – too many faculty in one area and not enough students, for example – branch campuses can, at least temporarily, be a way to release the pressure of this issue.  A couple of surplus faculty can be “released” to the branch campus on leave for a year or two.  A nice easy way to manage a thorny over-staffing situation.

    2.  Near-retirement perks.  Long-time faculty, academic leaders, and management who are bored with their jobs after decades of service sometimes see a branch campus as a stepping stone to retirement. A couple of years starting or leading a branch campus overseas, or teaching there, is a nice little treat at the end of a career.  Especially since it can come with tax free income, travel, and lifestyle benefits. Sadly, these folks are more often than not looking for entertainment value and distraction. When real branch campus work is involved, such as adjusting institutional operations to a new culture, a zillion hours spent building local relationships, etc., these folks are not usually up to the task as they came into their role in the branch campus for the wrong reasons.

    3. Short-term thinking.  New branch campuses imply growth, which is always seen as a positive thing in an institution.  And growth is good for hiding home campus structural weaknesses.  When change is undeniably needed (cost cutting, reducing/cutting programs, etc.) but hard to implement (long-term work friendships, union agreements, etc.), a branch campus’ growth and “profits” are seen as both a distraction and relief valve. Sometimes it is simply a case of “look at the exciting things going on in at our campus in Bora Bora, everyone!” and hoping the current change issues will simply go away in time. Other times it is truly grasping at straws before change has to happen at home.

    In all cases, wrong thinking.  Only long-term investments in branch campuses work out. And while there can be overlapping benefits to the home campus, branch campuses must be created from the perspective of visionary thinking combined with long-term relationship building in the host country, if they have a hope of succeeding in the long term.

  • bscmath78

    elie_s_dad, thank you for your points. The scenario that you describe seems to have been more a Wall Street phenomenon.  Having UK grads go to Wall Street, US Management Consulting firms or other foreign employers doesn’t really help the UK taxpayer. One of the early spurs for the move of physicists was one of the cycles of Ph.D. gluts and downsizing of US research, especially with end of the Cold War, the downsizing of US government labs, the downsizing of US corporate research (IBM, AT&T and others) and the killing of the Superconducting Super Collider in 1993.

    The former South African, Emanuel Derman went from Feynman Diagrams to Financial Engineer in a process that he partly describes in his book “Models Behaving Badly.”   But in those cases you’d expect them to be getting somewhat more than £35,000 a year, don’t you think, which would qualify in one of my metrics above.  

    An open question about the Royal Society report is what is meant by “non-Science” jobs.  If like Derman you apply mathematical, statistical and physics tools and methodologies, you are doing something different than if you are a currency trader or a bond salesperson.  

    In your own case of applied math, I would count you as having a Science job if you use part of your applied math tools, methodologies or techniques even if you are working managing quality control at a factory using Statistical Process Control techniques or using Operations Research techniques to improve productivity/production etc. There is no problem with using Science in Industry (though I would think you would be best off doing starting that at the Masters level or earlier) or doing research in Industry.  I don’t know how the Royal Society counted or defined non-Science jobs.

    The £35,000 threshold is a crude, one dimensional metric, but it does reveal something, in addition to being government blessed number that will be applied to others.

    It is very telling that “The government has responded to the concerns… by exempting PhD-level jobs from the new pay threshold for settlement.”  It is especially interesting that they appear to set NO threshold, which implies there is no limit to how low you can pay a Ph.D. in the UK.  It seems designed to ensure lots of low-cost foreign competition from non-UK citizens who could have graduated from Cambridge or Oxford with a Ph.D.

  • Socratease2

    Just by existing in a foreign country, a branch college of another nation symbolizes something about  ties between nations and carries some form of diplomatic “function” but then again so would a coca-cola bottling plant. If the question is whether those transplanted campuses carry any agency to effect change in those countries, depends on the nature of the society, its level of freedom, the role of the state in civic life, economic level of development, etc. The US has already sprayed its “soft power” amd “hard power” all over the world so not sure how much the branch campus of Loyola is going to alter perceptions our “credibility” as a nation.

    But individual connections and global networking are different and certainly can create points of mutual collaboration. The East-West Center in Hawaii is just such a place where in the past we have tried to get the youth of restive Asian nations to attend and learn how to  appreciate America among other course offerings. We then hopefully send them back with a good experience at a luau which will translate into a life time of warm and positive feelings for luaus and capitalism. Later when that ex-student is now Minister of Defense in Mynamar we can call on phone and say, hey, remember the poi and lomi lomi salmon we fed you back in the 80s, how about not gunning down your people in the streets. Might help.

  • globalroundhouse

    “Their actions and activities can affect the perceptions of prospective and current students; and those students may eventual hold leadership positions in business, government, and civic society.” — Exactly and because the actions and activities DO affect perceptions, it is necessary to be cognizant of the responsibility this implies. Everyone in these campus communities serves, unofficially, as representatives of the United States. Universities that integrate more deeply into the international arena seem to replace American Culture centers dismantled after the Cold War. However, universities can have a broader reach given their mission to educate, conduct research, etc. K-12 education should be geared towards the reality that we are an integrated world community; language training and cultural competence should be part of the international reach.  The international reach of universities is similar to that of multinational corporations and together, they advance the strategy of “diplomacy and development” articulated by Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton which is, of course, part of President Obama’s National Security Strategy. So, in a nutshell, yes — all embarking on foreign soil for should do so fully cognizant of the incredible opportunity and responsibility inherent in the action. 

  • globalroundhouse

    Not sure how to change my name to “Jackie” or @GlobalJackie and also, http://www.theglobalroundhouse.com

  • performgrp

    On a micro level, I thought about this a lot as I was teaching a graduate business course last fall in Shanghai.  I felt both pride and responsibility in reflecting on my own background and American values as I worked with Chinese managers in examining case studies and human relations in a business setting.  We also talked about family, hometowns and politics.  I am returning this fall to teach a new group of students and look forward to a reunion with my former students.  We learned much from each other academically, but also on a personal and cultural level.

  • raymond_j_ritchie

    The results vary.  My own experience has been that academics in Asia that have been educated in Australia have very positive attitudes to the country but that is based on my experience of Chinese, Thais and Philipinos.  They gain status by you visiting them and you are welcome. Try to look up former students from other societies in SE Asia and they may not want to know you because it is now unfashionable to associate with westerners.  They do not want to be seen with you. Some SE-Asian elites never acknowledge their Australian education but never cease to enjoy humiliating Australians in public.  The common habit of British and Australian academics hating their own country and society teaches their overseas students some very nasty habits and breeds the upper-class traitor like Burgess-Philby-Maclean & Blunt in their own citizenry.
    The idea of great powers educating the elites of other countries and sending them back to love their great and benevolent friend for evermore has been around since the days of Rameses II.  The results have always been mixed for both sides.  Gandhi used his knowledge of the British elites and their love of rule of law against them: any other colonial power would have simply shot him.  Ho Chi Minh understood the French.  Pohl Pot learnt his butchering habits in the Marxist-Leninist-Stalinist intellectual sewers of Paris not from his parent Buddhist culture.  The list of brutish African dictators educated in London or Paris is rather long.  100 years of Etonian and Oxford education of the sons of arab desert bandits has been remarkably ineffective.   The Yale-Harvard experience of educating the sibblings of Latin american elites did not do much to promote liberal democracy in the americas.  Rather it taught them how to manipulate the americans.

  • heidi_marshall

    @chronicle-55af8d91586e2a00656e2254a6b23608:disqus  I’m not sure I understand why you feel that online education is politics free. What what distinction are you making between online ed and higher ed? Many of today’s online offerings are in higher education – whether through proprietary universities or traditional universities growing their online presence. My reaction to Lane and Kinser is that they are missing a huge part of this conversation. Online education is probably one of the biggest doors to internationalization, and not just in education. As students around the globe are able to attain US-accredited degrees from their home countries, they have the opportunity to more immediately contribute to their local economies in a way that was not ever possible.

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  • no66am


     Lehrer’s defense is that he is fully aware that, as he puts it, “our current science is very much a first draft,” but that you can’t weigh down every example with a page full of caveats and expect a normal person to read it on an airplane” …..  I think this is a weak argument:  the late Stephen Jay Gould used caveats wherever they were necessary to indicate that a hypothesis or set of arguments were provisional or open to question;  he was read with great intensity on airplanes and pretty much everywhere else.  He would have had plenty to say about those blue walls:  that’s a claim that  truly demands to be weighed down with caveats.

  • 5768

    “Replication” has subtle meaning variations, and few there be who distinguish what they mean. The word may be used to refer to the generalizability of a research claim or finding from a previous study to a new study in a different population. The word may also be used to refer to whether a claim from a study is able to be reproduced in the same population; this latter meaning is a matter not of generalizability but of duplication of the claim. What may be replicated in the sense of duplicated may in fact not extend beyond its own population to other populations. What is replicated in the sense of being generalizable may be nothing but a broad theory which itself is serviceable precisely owing to its being generalizable as provisional as it happens to be (cf. the atomic “theory” in its ability to make broad and accurate predictions regarding the combination/decombination of matter based on mass ratios). 

    Replication is replication in practice.  “Theoretically replicate” and “cannot negate importance of new findings”–since when?

  • techchic

    I smell jealousy!

  • schultzjc

    This is indeed a long-standing issue for communicating science to the public: how much detail is necessary to be “correct”? And does it matter if details are incorrect?  To the first I answer “not much”.  The level of detail a scientist demands for assurances is way more than necessary to get most points. You don’t need to know calculus to understand that things can’t go faster than light. 

    To the second I answer, it does matter, but not for understanding’s sake. Most people don’t understand variation, uncertainty, or even replication, but they do understand “being wrong”. Authors like Lehrer risk general disbelief – of everything – by being called out. If he’s wrong about blue walls, what else in the book, or even the science, is false?  (As a scientist as well as normal person, I think the ‘blue wall’ conclusion is excessive generalization.) Scientists and science are likely to be painted with the same blue brush in many people’s minds. 

    Of course, if no one notices until someone like Chabris point out such errors, maybe it won’t matter much.  Perhaps we should just prohibit scientists from reading and reviewing each other’s popular works.

  • 11119482

    “knows more about science than a lot of scientists.”   Depends on how we define scientists.  If we define them by those who seek to ask questions and challenge hypotheses and conclusions through experimentation, maybe this is a problem.  But if we include those who have degrees and positions suppposedly as “scientists.” he might well know more science than many who call themselves scientists.  Too many ‘scientists’ are technicians primarily and not natural philosophers.  In other words, very narrow in understanding and viewpoint.  So depends on what meant by “scientists.”

  • nontraditional001

    accuracy and completeness keep science out of reach of the layperson, we need writers who can distill the information into broadly digestible fare.  I can see a critic making sure facts are straight, but asking a writer to include every possible permutation should be saved for a dissertation.

  • davi2665

    Communicating science requires the utmost of accuracy, not sloppy and muddled interpretation that cannot stand up to the scrutiny of other scientists.  Unfortunately, a lot of authors are cashing in by trying to popularize science but take liberties in their interpretation, well beyond what the original author of the work would do.  To my thinking, this is not serious science, it is biopolitics.

  • pflady

    But wrong is wrong!  I frequently have to correct students in my classes who think they know everything about a topic because it is in the lay media.   I have to point out that it is not as simple as generally portrayed, only to have a student harrumph and quote a book in popular culture.

  • chedie

    This was not a dissertation. That does not excuse the author completely, but this arrogant witch hunt by a jealous critic is unwarranted and unhelpful. We need people relating complex science to the layperson, and Lehrer does this quite well. Report his major errors, allow a response, and let it go.

  • 3rdtyrant

     Precisely–and that’s why, rhetorically speaking, one ought to believe a credible researcher.  The kind of scientific qualification that we’re talking about looks like insecurity to some, but in reality is really a demonstration of a researcher’s security, inasmuch as he or she is willing to admit limitations, identify potential problems, etc.  As an English teacher, I would call this definitely a rough draft, one that has all of the potential holes or weak spots in full view, acknowledged and dealt with as much as possible.  This invites the kind of scrutiny that those weak spots or holes need, and allows the ongoing jenga puzzle of knowledge to continue to climb.  Glossing over these allows non-researchers to think the problem has been solved and that it deserves no more scrutiny than the fanciful considerations of some writers who pass them by with hardly a nod.  Bully for Chabris, and if Lehrer can’t take the heat, he needs to get off the bunsen burner.

  • 3rdtyrant

     Well said!  I’ve known many technicians and not enough natural philosophers.  Great point!

  • 3rdtyrant

     I don’t know about this.  I think is might be a good thing to expect more out of readers.  Certainly I enjoy a stylized piece of scientific writing, but everyone needs to eat their scientific vegetables, and detailed, accurate, precise science might be just that.

  • 3rdtyrant

     Right.  On Star Trek the writers will throw in the occasional scientific term to explain some phenomenon, and I don’t see how imprecise scientific writing, as engaging as it might be, is any better than an episode where Captain Kirk fights an energy being named Melvar.

  • 3rdtyrant

     Exactly the point, I think.  Our students do not benefit from this kind of thing.  I had this debate about Seamus Heaney’s translation of Beowulf, which is vastly inferior to many other translations.  However, it popularized Beowulf immensely.  My colleague was convinced that this was the highest good for Beowulf.  My argument was that the quality of the translation mattered more than its popularity.  Similarly, scientific writing that reaches a popular audience might get the word out about something, but if that word is incomplete or inaccurate, we create more problems than we solve.

  • 3rdtyrant

     Agreed.  Lehrer should be jealous of Chabris.

  • 3rdtyrant

     Might it be more valuable, rather than dumbing down science for lay people, for lay people to smarten themselves up to understand science and scientific writing?  Understanding is as much a measure of the audience as it is the writer, and I don’t see a down side to a lay audience understanding complex and qualified arguments, even if badly written.  The up side is that they recognize bad writing and good facts and then move forward improved, informed, and ready to engage the next idea, rather than have the next idea fed to them in a twinkie.

  • pflady

    Can’t you have good writing and correct information?

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  • chedie

    “Might it be more valuable, rather than dumbing down science for lay people, for lay people to smarten themselves up to understand science and scientific writing?” Seriously? That is your response? Smarten themselves up? Arrogant much? 

  • gahnett

    There is great value and potential harm to imparting general ideas and risks to being an explainer because of attitudes such as Hardy’s:

    The English mathematician Hardy put it perhaps a bit too strongly: “There is no scorn more profound, or on the whole more justifiable, than that of the men who make for the men who explain.  Exposition, criticism, appreciation, is work for second-rate minds”. 

    Still, if we could not reach the general audience, how will we decide on whether to fund research on controversial areas such as AIDS (no longer controversial) or Climate Change (still) controversial?

  • nontraditional001

    I’d save the gritty details for the footnotes for the more intrepid readers

  • emwhitephd

    I am grateful to Lehrer’s article in the New Yorker, 12-13-2010, for introducing me to the work of John P.A. Ioannidis (“Why Most Published Research Findings Are False”). Such introductions to important scientific thought are an immense service to those of us outside science but interested in it. If we choose, we can go directly to the scientist’s work, as I did, for the details, but without the New Yorker article I would not have known about it.

  • http://tangled-in-wires.blogspot.com Steve Shoe

    Readers are adults and can’t be force fed their “scientific vegetables” like children in a high chair. What we should expect from readers is that they’re not stupid enough to think one book can cover the entirety of a topic down to minutiae. If they’re interested in learning more, they’ll seek it out on their own.

    Cramming too much specialized or specific information into prose will easily dissuade all but the most interested readers from picking up the book again once they get bogged down in the over-detailed weeds — which defeats the purpose of writing a book for general consumption. 

    I think the presumption of what the reader OUGHT to know for their own good and an understanding of how to communicate what a reader NEEDS to know for the topic is what separates an academic writer from a writer for the masses.

  • http://tangled-in-wires.blogspot.com Steve Shoe

     No, it’s not arrogance. He just knows better than everyone else. Clearly.

  • Dr_Zachary_Smith

    Okay, how about if they enlighten themselves?

    Seriously, we have a society in which far too many people believe that if they don’t understand something, then it’s the fault of either the explainer or the concept, rather than their own ability (which they can improve) to understand.

    This means, for example, that we have a society in which many people believe in angels as a matter of fact, while disbelieving in evolution and climate change because, as Barbie once said, “Math is hard.”

    If we are not to have philosopher-kings then, to paraphrase Luther, every man must be his own philosopher–his (or her) own lover of wisdom. Which begins with a due knowledge and appreciation of fact and system.

  • midevilprof

    Good writing, I’ve always believed, presumes that the readership is intelligent but uninformed. Part of many specialists’ problems, it seems to me, is not knowing the difference between the two. I like to think that I’m intelligent enough to read something about a scientific topic, but if it’s written only for other specialists, I won’t be able to follow it because I’m uninformed. I don’t know the background, the terminology, the math behind it. So don’t dumb anything down for me, just put it in nonspecialist terms. I can “smarten up” myself along the way.

    And how stupid or uneducated do we think the people are who read science books? I would think the very fact of reading such a book would classify someone at some point on the nerd spectrum. So let’s be honest and true to Science by not dumbing down the books. Instead, let’s present honest science in a form suitable to non-specialists.

  • seattlenerd

    I had long been aware of Beowulf, but I never read it until Heaney’s translation appeared; so in that sense I’d have to side with your colleague.  

    Accuracy and detail is a fine thing in science writing.  However, much of science is about judgment about what to leave out, rather than chasing down every last detail.  How many of us have labored to get an article down to 10 or fewer pages?  How many of us have used Taylor or other expansions in our work?  How many of us routinely assume that double precision is infinite precision?  It is not wrong to use a flat earth model when it is appropriate to do so.

    ———-

    Of course, a debate about whether “quality” is more or less important than “popularity” is as pointless as debating whether a “fork” is better or worse than a “spoon.”  Presented with a plate of potatoes and a bowl of soup, we see that each has its place. 

  • vlghess

     Some of this discussion reminds me of Sheila Tobias’ “They’re Not Dumb, They’re Different” about retaining students in the natural sciences who leave for the social sciences or humanities more for “academic cultural” reasons than intellectual. Scientific writing, more than specialized writing in other disciplines, is often inaccessible to lay audiences because of unfamiliar technicalities that only fellow specialists can appreciate. It is possible to be accurate rather than sloppy–but there will always be a cultural gap between journalists (even those who write well about science) and scientists about the need to keep the reader’s interest vs. the need to avoid going beyond the facts…

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  • MarjoryMunson

    Of course you can – but it doesn’t happen nearly as often as it should.

  • prof_cj

    Instead, it’s a blurb from Gladwell that says Lehrer “knows more about science than a lot of scientists.”

    -

    This makes my brain hurt and that Gladwell seriously holds this up as a belief causes me to lose a lot of respect for Gladwell.