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How Much Should Time on Campus Matter?

July 28, 2011, 2:25 pm

The long-running debate about how faculty members should be spending their time has been fueled by recent events in Texas, where the work habits of professors at research universities there are being scrutinized, lambasted, and even nicknamed. (More about dodgers, coasters, and sherpas later.)

So it’s not surprising that a recent article I wrote in The Chronicle on the various ways popular measures of faculty productivity can fall short has provided fodder for those pushing controversial reforms of higher education in the Lone Star State and elsewhere. Just this week, Pamela S. Gossin — a professor of arts and humanities at the University of Texas at Dallas who gave me a detailed (but not exhaustive) account of what she did over a seven-day period in mid-April — felt the brunt of that.

A blog post on mindingthecampus.com, which was largely a roundup of the latest happenings in the faculty productivity debate in Texas, chose a few select tasks that were a part of Ms. Gossin’s 70-plus hour work week to highlight what’s “clearly wrong” with professors. Ms. Gossin’s reading of a white paper on anti-Semitism on campus wasn’t work, according to the blogger. The other questionable activity in the blogger’s mind: her spending time on a weekday, at 7:15 a.m, looking for a summer camp to keep her daughter occupied during the time Ms. Gossin planned to dedicate to her digital humanities research.

What is clear is that Ms. Gossin and plenty of other professors are at the heart of the ensuing battle that basically boils down to whether faculty are earning their keep. But when critics take a stab at the amount of time Ms. Gossin spends on work, they swing the conversation toward whether faculty productivity would truly improve if professors spent a set amount of time on campus, and in the classroom in particular. Interestingly enough, employers in a variety of industries are migrating to a more fluid definition of “workplace.” Many professional employees, professors included, can now do at least some part of their job at whichever place, or places, work best for them.

Yet in higher education, some observers say, there are too many people who aren’t on the job — literally and figuratively — which brings me back to dodgers, coasters, and sherpas. Rick O’Donnell, a former special adviser to the University of Texas Board of Regents who wholeheartedly backs recent efforts to measure faculty productivity, recently released a report where he used those monikers and a couple more to characterize the productivity of faculty members at the state’s two top research universities.

Dodgers are faculty members who teach a small number of students and don’t bring in external research grants. Coasters are senior professors with reduced teaching loads who bring in marginal amounts of external grant money. Sherpas are the nontenured faculty members who often teach the bulk of classes and students.

Mr. O’Donnell’s analysis has been attacked for being based on flawed data, among other things, but nevertheless the report has brightened the spotlight on the issue. A Florida television station, WCTV, reported that the state’s governor has begun promoting some of the same reforms slated for Texas, including measuring the effectiveness of professors.

Ms. Gossin said she regrets opening herself up to critics. From the outset, at least, it surely seemed impossible for anyone to make a case that she’s not a productive member of the faculty at Dallas. For instance, while explaining that she took a break from teaching in the 2009-10 academic year to develop and plan for a long-term research project in the digital humanities, Ms. Gossin was quick to mention that she packed much more into her leave — during which she earned 75 percent of her pay. On her own initiative she supervised 52 hours of undergraduate and graduate independent study during the academic year and another 12 hours of independent study over the summer. She also completed six book reviews, contributed articles or chapters to six books, and wrote five grant proposals over nine months, three of which succeeded in receiving financing.

Other productivity-related milestones (I’m doing my own cherry-picking here from a long list Ms. Gossin e-mailed me): Ms. Gossin is the only arts and humanities faculty member at Dallas to develop a new program; the medical and scientific humanities program trains future medical practitioners to incorporate “humanistic” approaches and understanding into their work. She has won teaching awards throughout her career and has been nominated for others “virtually every year that I’ve been in the classroom.” And financial supporters of her research include the Rockefeller Foundation, the National Science Foundation, and the National Endowment for the Humanities.

“I think the reason that it especially hurts me to be singled out as an example of ‘what’s wrong’ with academics is that I have devoted myself for over 20 years to being both an outstanding teacher and scholar.” Ms. Gossin wrote in an e-mail. “If I’m an example of what’s wrong, then there’s a bigger problem.”

So what does a productive professor look like to you? Does it matter if professors aren’t on the campus? And what do you think has been overlooked in discussions about how faculty work?

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  • totoro

    Output is the only thing that should matter. You do need to be available a reasonable amount of time so people can meet with you but for me at least a lot of the work I need to do – reading in particular – is not best done sitting at a desk in an office.

  • fiona

    If “productivity” depends on grant getting, then humanities professors are always going to be considered dodgers, freeloaders, lazy butts, or whatever other term you want to use. There are very, very few grants available in the humanities. If I get a book contract, am I supposed to pay for the electricity in my university office out of my royalties?

    This is yet another way to beat up on faculty. These are the times that try teachers’ souls.

  • solidagojuncea

    Most trustees and regents do not understand about the “output” from higher education (research, educated students, etc.) because they have never produced these kinds of “output” and don’t know what it takes to do so.  All they really know about are money and hours, but only in the context of producing widgets.  These people should not be in charge of something they don’t understand.

  • drdwilliams

    I suspect that in total this debate has taken the common turn into extremism that seems to be the bane of Amerian civilization.  I’d like to think that this is a new development, but I’m an American historian, and thus know that we are a people that create heroes out of statesmen, or at least remember our heroes as statesmen, in large part because we are so easily drawn to defending the margins of the debate.

    I was sad to see all the trolls work over Ms. Gossin.  Good grief.  Go get a class and teach!

    Here’s what I’m perceiving in all this debate.  There are many fine faculty who play their role in delivering on the core mission of the university pretty effectively (particularly inside of a medieval organizational structure).  We wish everyone did as well as they do.  I’d say that’s 80% of all faculty (ft and contingent, tenured and not).  There are lots of different roles to play and we are foolish to think that every faculty member should be a great contributor to each and every faculty role (teaching, service, research, governance, and integration) at all points in their career.  Folks who would argue that need to go back and get a liberal arts education.  That’s just foolish.

    That said, there are bad apples.  People who are unwilling to roll up their sleeves, pitch in and help out around the department and university when there is a job that needs to be done and we need them; pompous asses who lord their inflated, though evidently terribly fragile egos over any and everyone trapped in room with them; and people for whom the only part of the professorate they continue to find appealing is a tenured paycheck.

    I think this is a result of the culture of the university in some disciplines that promote solo performance.  That happens largely in teaching in most areas of the university.  I would contend that integrative and collaborative teaching positively increases productivity, morale and learning outcomes for those willing to work at it (after the second or third time of doing it as a co-learner with students).  Having the support of colleagues in the classroom can yield high quality results similar to what we’ve come to expect from high performing science research labs and for the same reasons. One person isn’t expected to be responsible for every task simultaneously.

    The critics may think that carpet bombing the professorate will get results.  They don’t remember that carpet bombing Vietnam didn’t win the war for the Americans.  What it will do in the professorate is drive the curmudgeons to greater levels of cynicism and non-performance and the folks who want to work hard at a meaningful job out to some other.

    Revisiting the standards of performance for a quality professorate as an element of revisiting our social contract is a good thing, but thinking that one is doing that while engaging in a rhetorical game filled with such logical fallacies as over-generalization, ad hominem and straw-manning won’t accomplish that goal either.

  • grward

    You know, when I teach a lot of courses (mainly in the Fall term but increasingly in the Winter term as well), I do spend most of my days in my office, much of the time meeting with students. No doubt my time would be seen as productive during those months but this would be a gross misconception.

    Like many institutions, we’ve expanded our undergraduate program so much that we are now overflowing with students who, to put it charitably, would waste their time and money less if they were to seek other training opportunities at this time in their lives. If I see 10 students in one day, at least nine of them will see me in an attempt to bypass their responsibilities to take charge of their own learning. I’ll emphasize in class that achievement requires overcoming obstacles, but they will come to my office to try to get me to remove the obstacles so that they won’t have to overcome them. Rather than learn to use the library’s resources, they’ll try to get me to simply tell them what papers they should read. Instead of formulating a research question with guidance from me, they’ll just avoid making any commitment and wait for me to assign one to them. Instead of reading a paper for comprehension, they’ll try to get me to tell them “what they are supposed to get from it”. Instead of completing an assignment or studying hard for an exam, they will go to great pains to tell me of their personal problems, to which my answer is always that they should go and see a counselor (I’m always amazed at the number of people — not just students — who think that personal suffering is some sort of currency that can be accumulated and then spent in order to get out of rules — I can’t help to think of what terrible disappointments they are going to have in the future).

    If I actually had some impact on their decision-making and their motivation, then I guess my time would be well-spent. However, I don’t kid myself that I often make a difference. I rarely actually see a student with a problem that I can actually help them with and not feel that I should shower and wash the hypocrisy off me afterward. My poor students have been sold a bill of goods about what they need to do to prepare themselves for the future, and they won’t turn their lives around just because of something a lowly course instructor tells them.

    The days I’m most productive are the days I can spend either in my home office or at work with the door closed. When my colleagues can see me through my open office door, I can guarantee you that that is a day when nothing productive will get done.

  • procrustes

    There is a fundamental problem in talking about professorial productivity, to wit that the professoriate emphasizes a number of activities that much of the public does not value.  People primarily support higher education with tax and tuition dollars because they want their kids to get undergraduate degrees (and maybe a professional master’s).  To the extent they support research it is either for economic development or medical advances.  We may care about our research in the humanities and social sciences, but much of the public doesn’t.  And despite many protestations to the contrary in Chronicle blogs, the jury is out on the extent to which engaging in publishable research is necessary for quality teaching.  This is not about the intrinsic value of what we do, it is about whether or not we are doing what people are willing to pay us to do.   If not, they have every right to decide not to support us.

  • bookishone

    If they don’t want the “public good” to include anything but bottom-dollar activities, then they should also vote for a country that has no publicly-supported arts, no libraries, no sports programs, no parks, no recreation. 

    As the gap between the rich and the rest of us gets wider, there seems to be a narrower and narrower (and cheaper and cheaper) definition of the “public good” that the rest of us depend on. 

  • 11887635

    As an administrator, I am often called upon to justify the work of academic staff. My response is that they teach and research, helping to build Australia’s social, intellectual and economic fabric.

    The difficulty comes when showing people around campus and you could fire a cannon down a corridor and hit not a soul. While I am comfortable that the vast majority (yes there are a few ‘bad apples’) are ‘doing what they do’ as an academic, it is much more difficult for the broader public to take that on faith.

    A second but very significant point is defining the workplace. Academics “working from home” fall under the university’s worker compensation schemes which provide for compensation in relation to workplace injury. If someone fall down the stairs on campus, responsibility is much more clear than if that same person were to fall down stairs at home.

  • http://twitter.com/ftherin Francois Therin

    Check my blog post for a simplified presentation on how we measure time in Bschools in France (and there are far more sophisticated systems elsewhere) and why it makes everybody happy: http://francoistherin.wordpress.com/2011/07/12/measuring-faculty-workload-an-addition-to-the-debate/

  • lhbphd

    Do Republican politicians count time spent obstructing legislation and blocking appointments as part of their “output,” or are they only productive when they pass legislation and approve appointments? 

     I’m not even going to play this stupid game, and let the idiots set the rules.  I spend enough time doing my job to get it done, and get it done well.    In the course of that, I like to spend about 30 hours per week on campus.

  • translog

    Productivity and performance of students and all those in teaching business is measured by the final outcome: What you put into the mind of a student is something to be ignited at the end of a career and  life. I have compiled The KTB Scorecard for Sistainability in an upper management course for Managing Sustainability Operations.

  • jimdilly

    Dude, you lost me at “what you put in the mind of a student.” This is such an antiquated, and inaccurate, understanding of teaching and learning that almost anything that follows ought to be disregarded. Second, the idea that education, REAL education, can be improved by importing business models and thinking into education is woefully misguided at best and nefarious at worst. The human mind and life are not ‘products’ to be marketed and consumed, unless you want to develop a totalitarian society/world. The simple fact of humanity is that each of us, as his/her own person, is unique and unpredictable and that education gives us a means to provide tolerable and peaceful forms of life through which to live and thrive together. The business models being espoused everywhere undermine any attempts at educating people to be something other than grist for some economic mill, and commoditizes one of the last refuges for pure inquiry and thought.

  • old nassau’67

    “Black males face unique challenges”. Very true -  but facing unique challenges is not unique: Just ask Hasids, Nisei (or later), Chinese, Amerinds, GLBT’s, the entire Hispanic/Latino spectrum …..For example, The Naturalization Act of 1870 restricted all immigration into the U.S. to only “white persons and persons of African descent”.

  • nmadyun

    facing challenges is not unique, but facing unique challenges is by definition unique (even if it’s not unique to just one group)…failure to recognize and argue for this uniqueness makes it easier to unneccesarily group differences under a general, broad umbrella.

  • kebethel

    Academic journals on Black men include: 

    Challenge: ”A journal of research on Black men” published by the Morehouse Research Institute (Morehouse College, Atlanta, GA) (ISSN: 1077-193X)(1990-2009); 

    The Journal of African American male studies, (ISSN: 1063-4460)(1993) [changed title to Journal of African American men: a publication of the National Council of African American Men (1997-2002)(ISSN: 1081-1753) and again to Journal of African American studies (Online)]; 

    The Journal of black masculinity (ISSN: 2158-9623) (2010-);  

    The Journal of African American males in education (Online) (ISSN: 2153-9065) (2010-).  

    From: #AALibnNU, African American Studies Librarian, Northwestern University Library.

  • linzhi

    How many fashion brands do you know of sunglasses ? LV ,Gucci ,Prada, Oakley ,Ranban and so on. I fina a Sunglasses Online Sale e-shopping which offers most fashion brands of sunglasses ,and the items on website are very cheap and high quality , you should love it.

  • http://www.facebook.com/cjahlgren Carl Ahlgren

    Thanks Eric for another very helpful piece.  As many of us know too well, admission and yield rates are among the easiest metrics to manipulate.  Admission rate is simply a consequence of increasing applications, which can be had in all kinds of ways that have nothing to do with a quality program or meaningful desirability.  A better yield is accomplished easily by admitting more through ED, or by identifying those applicants who have little interest in attending, which is much easier to do that many might realize. And, THESE are the very schools whose yield is somewhat guaranteed, by way of established prestige.  Congratulations, Kiplinger, on rewarding the already rewarded. For 20 years I have taught at schools with wonderful students who have these very ambitions.  The paradox is that if bright students would aspire to the very best undergraduate EDUCATION they could get, rather than the very best CREDENTIAL, they would be virtually guaranteed the prestige they think they need.  Students whose aspiration is defined by the values Kiplinger trumpets are invariably weaker applicants at these schools, than students who are hungry for a superb liberal arts education.  It is a pity.

    Carl Ahlgren

  • markneustadt

    Of course you are right to point out the utter inanity of this list. At the same time, virtually everyone in the higher ed community (except admissions officers and presidents) tends to downplay the extent to which precisely this thinking drives college choice in the prestige category. Consumers reason that selectivity and yield are valid measures of value. If institution A is more selective than institution B that means that it is more desirable and will therefore be a better investment. It’s okay to scoff, but institutions in the prestige category ignore this mindset at their peril. Indeed, many of them game the system to increase these two metrics.

  • bjhernandez

    To stojoe50: 

    I’m at a loss to understand why you blame the counselors. You are all in this together. As a teacher you should be trying to work with the counselors, not separately from them. As a principal, you can set guidelines and objectives to which counselors need to adhere. As a district administrator, you are in a position to set requirements of performance and eliminate those who do not meet those requirements. Laying the blame on the counselors alone is not fair. Who left them alone to create their own niche? Why were they not included in the overall plan? When teachers, principals, and district administrators start working together for a common goal, doing their jobs, we might get more results in our public education system. Maybe your are a little overworked being a teacher, a principal, and in district administrator in 5 public school districts all at one time. I would imagine your workload is incredible.

  • stojoe50

    I’m not blaming counselors per se. I’m saying that public education is rapidly changing and there is a much larger emphasis on student achievement in the “common core.” many educational professionals (many of whom are members of teachers unions) who are not going to be scrutinized by the new evaluation system either have to help students achieve, or risk having their positions go away or face the wrath of those who are being scrutinized. It’s occuring now. Counselors can no longer spend the majority of their time doing social/emotional counseling. There is a place for it, but they must also change their paradigm to play larger role in helping students succeed academically. It’s not just counselors. You won’t see elementary music teachers pull students out for ilesons any longer. Kids won’t sign up for art classes at the secondary level because they’re needing AIS. It’s a totally different ball game. Effective counselors will adapt. Obstructors are in for a rude awakening.

  • wingedwarrior

    I’m the last person in the world who wants to be (or be thought of as) a defender of the accused in this case; but, in the interest of accuracy, the headline should include the words “I thought.”

  • pedrolorenzomartinez

    Mc Queary is under pressure from both sides and he must come out as being objective in order to survive  and not fall victim as the rest of those who stood idle and did nothing. So, he uses safe words like “I thought” in order to  cushion his testimony. No matter how you say it, no grown man should be showering with boys , no exceptions. I hope you don’t buy, ” I was just horsing around” statement. Mike also adds, “some kind of sexual intercourse was going on”. Did he see something else that he is not saying? How many types of sexual intercourses are there? What would you have done if your son was showering with the coach? Would you join them and play the hokey pokey?

  • mlalvarez227

    It
    doesn’t matter what he thought he saw; he obviously thought it inappropriate
    and should have grabbed the child and taken him to a safe place. Then he should
    have called the police. He failed to protect that child and that is something
    no amount of explanation will ever wipe away. He is just as guilty in my mind.
     

  • betterschool

     I don’t have any hard data but it seems like quite a stretch to turn this into a racist or feminist issue. Virtually all of the churlish public behavior has been generated by extremists on both sides toward the other side. As an example, Limbaugh’s attack on Fluke would constitute perhaps 1% of his monthly quota of meanspirited behavior, most of it directed at president Obama and other Democrats and liberals, only a few of whom are female. Ditto for the many examples that come to mind in Congress. I don’t doubt that closet racism accounts for some of the whacko emails that are distributed against Obama but the ideologues are going after the ideology, not the race. You need only look back on the shamefully impolite way many CHE posters behaved with respect to president Bush to see an example on the other side.

  • theatheist

    >>
    A current of rumbustious debate has been a constant in Western history and there is nothing inherently wrong with it or with the general exercise of rhetoric in pursuit of a cause or opinion. But perhaps the disappointment is greater now because we like to think we have somehow become more sophisticated.
    <<

    It may even be true that every generation thinks it has "become more sophisticated," such that we are constantly disappointed.

    The Internet (I'm thinking of comments on Yahoo news stories) just makes visible what used to be easier to ignore. That the rules of etiquette exist for a reason. Civility is not, for the most part, in our nature. It is a set of skills that must be learned over and over again.

  • jefftylerpmp

    An excellent discourse.  We all need to be reminded of this.  Thank you.

  • Socratease2

     Sounds like Mitt Romney, arrogant and willing to believe the people he talks to will just accept his lies at face value. Why, everyone else remembers I assaulted a kid in high school and cut his hair off, but me, gee whilikers (mormon obscenity), I just can’t recall that. Deacon seems cut from same cloth. The big lie always works best.

  • prof291

    Based on the information presented in this article, Deacon is guilty of nothing, neither plagiarism nor sloppy scholarship. It is inevitable that people considering the same questions, looking at the same kinds of data, are going to generate similar ideas. On a subject like “mind,” no one is going to have read everything and there are bound to be overlaps. That is a pitfall of scholarship, not a moral failure. Nor is there any duty to vet one’s every thought through Google to see if somewhat has thought it before. The duty is to search the literature and to read widely, give credit when you rely on someone else’s work, do your analysis, and write what you find.

  • munibond

    The spreadsheet referred to in the article is here:   http://emergence.org/Deacon-Juarrero.pdf

    Deacon wrote me the following:

     Michael,
        As of yesterday I had resolved never to again reply to your emails.    But given your last email I have broken this resolution. Indeed, I    very much want to engage in close discussion with these other    scholars working along very similar lines. Both our various points    of theoretical agreement and disagreement are likely to be    illuminative. I am indeed embarrassed that Evan’s and Alicia’s books    were not known to me at the time of writing, but you can be sure    that as I become informed by them I will of course both cite them    and make appropriate assignments of priority in all future works    (including future editions of Incomplete Nature). Parenthetically, I    should say that Mark Graves (and you will find others) participated    regularly in discussions with me, sat in on my seminar on the topic    many years ago, and has used my approach centrally in his (though I    have only superficially skimmed his book as of now). I consider him    a colleague. That being said, I think that I will find it difficult    to have any direct scholarly association with you (and probably    Alicia), given what has transpired, but I will at least read    Alicia’s work and make a good faith effort to give her credit where    due. Perhaps the passage of time will change this, perhaps not.
        Sincerely, Terry

  • munibond

    I further note that Deacon’s citations stop in 2005 except for references to his own work  (which seems strange for a book published at the end of 2011) and that Deacon and Juarrero were both keynotes at a 2007 conference in Cancun where Deacon was observed attending Juarrero’s talk.

    Senior academics have a responsibility to properly cite the works of others and to be aware of the efforts of others whose research and writing addresses their own.  The example Deacon sets is that negligence, sloppiness, and perhaps deliberate ignorance are proper scholarship.  UC Berkeley should be ashamed of setting such an example.

  • marianag

     For additional entertainment, read the piece titled Precursors and
    Prototypes under the Selected Publications tab in http://www.aliciajuarrero.com
    and then read  “Eliminativism,Complexity, and Emergence” by Terrence
    Deacon and Tyrone Cashman (available online).

  • munibond

    For a picture of Deacon and Juarrero sitting together at a conference in Cancun see
    http://isce.edu/speakers-at-ctns-stars-mtg-jan-2007.jpg

  • munibond

    Deacon posted at http://deadvoles.wordpress.com/2012/02/03/deacon-and-oop?replytocom=4086

    “I thank you all for putting up with this. As you now recognize, there is an unacknowledged agenda being played out. I urge you all to just read the books in question, make up your own minds, and ignore the rest. Don’t take these variously biased interpretations and personal inuendos masquerading as reviews and serious criticisms to provide any useful interpretation. Let the ideas speak for themselves. ”

    Juarrero wrote in 1999, 
    Thompson in 2007,  
    Juarrero and Deacon spoke at the same conference in 2007, 
    Nancy Murphy wrote about them all in 2010

    Deacon writes in 2011 with no acknowledgement.

  • http://www.facebook.com/laden.greg Greg Laden

    There are numerous phrases and concepts reference in that spreadsheet that Terry Deacon and I spoke about in numerous conversations we had on this topic the most recent of which having been well prior to the publications of Juarrero’s book.  At most, this is different people thinking (somewhat) along the same lines and Terry not knowing about the literature that Juarrero seems to think is so important that everyone should know about it. 

    So to me, the evidence strongly suggests that these allegations are wrong and even absurd. On top of that, for what it is worth, I’m sure that Terry Deacon simply would not rip off ideas like that.  

  • ipso_facto

    I took a look at the spreadsheet mentioned by a poster above: 
    http://emergence.org/Deacon-Juarrero.pdf and urge everyone else to do the same before making any judgments.  It’s clear that someone has an obsessive mission to assassinate Deacon’s character.  The examples they used are often laughable.  For example, they claim Deacon’s use of the terms “God of the gaps” and “mereology” were plagiarized, but they are well known concepts which were NOT minted by Juarrero.  Also,  the “plagiarized” phrases aren’t plagiarized.  I can’t really see how ”a constraint is relational” and ”Constraints are therefore relational properties” prove any plagiarism.  They’re not unique phrases and probably meant something completely different within their contexts.  Some of them are so ridiculous, like saying he used “snowflakes” and so does Juarrero, that it makes me think it’s all overzealous academic pettiness and self-importance.  Another example of the tenuous nature of the plagiarism accusation is ”for the sake of preserving the integrity and persistence…” in Deacon’s and ”acting to preserve and enhance the integrity of the higher level” in Juarrero’s. 

    I don’t know Deacon personally nor have I read his book, but to accuse a scholar of plagiarism, when it’s obvious he did not, at least from the examples given in the spreadsheet, made me very angry.  Most people will not investigate for themselves and will automatically assume Deacon to be guilty, and the scandal will stay with him for a long time if not for the rest of his career.

  • munibond

    it is “a detailed spreadsheet of apparent similarities between the structure of the arguments in the two books and the examples used to make those arguments.”  It is NOT a list of “quotes”.  In the aggregate the similarities of argument demand recognition. See the McGinn piece http://emergence.org/NYRBARTICLE.pdf     Only the commenter ipso-facto has used the “p” word.

  • munibond

    Deacon posted more at http://deadvoles.wordpress.com/2012/02/03/deacon-and-oop/#comment-4012

    I have been directed to your blog by a colleague who noticed the comments about my book and Juarrero’s spreadsheet. This is a nasty business in which Juarrero is spreading false claims suggesting that I have used her ideas without attribution. I have not. I urge you to read both books, and you will see this for yourself. Although there are indeed superficial similarities, as inevitably occurs in an area of such intense intellectual discussion, these are ultimately quite superficial. I have only recently come to read her book and her one paper on Kant in response to her tirade about not being cited, and it is now clear that I disagree with her approach in far more ways than we agree. This is not just because she is a philosopher and I am a lab scientist by training. I think that we are fundamentally driving at very different ways of explaining almost every aspect covered in my book: life, mind, sentience, consciousness, information, work, and so forth, even though we both borrow insights from dynamical systems theories and share a criticism of simple eliminative materialism. Nevertheless, once you overcome the accusatory hype of her spreadsheet and actually do compare these two approaches the differences can be quite informative and worth debating.

  • pianiste

    “…a conference in Cancun“. Gotta love it. 

  • westernfields

    Ignoratio Elenchi.

  • westernfields

     munibond:  I am wondering what your investment in this article is (or, more accurately, your stake in the various pieces of literature and/or ideas); up to this point you have contributed nearly 40% of the posts.

  • munibond

    I am Michael Lissack  (once upon a time a long time ago I was in municipal finance)

    see my note to Terry Deacon on this issue:

    Terry:
     
    Four months have gone by since you and I last corresponded re Incomplete Nature and its extraordinarily liberal use of ideas which might be better cited to Juarrero and Thompson.
     
    As we left off you apologized for NOT having done the background reading which would have revealed the overlap between your book and the prior works
     
    You claimed to have not kept in front of mind the joint discussions you Evan and I had at Esalen or the overlap between you and Alicia at a conference where you both were keynotes and where you attended Alicia’s talk
     
    We both agreed that if Incomplete Nature is NOT to be viewed as a serious academic text then the prevailing standards of citations do not necessarily apply.  Nonetheless it is your moral responsibility to supply credit where credit is due, to not falsely take credit for being the first to originate ideas which can clearly be attributed to others before you, and to NOT pervert the academic standards of the fine institution where you hold a senior chair.
     
    I suggested that the best remedy would be to hold a symposium involving you Alicia and Evan where your parallel streams of thought can be explored and from which a joint academic work with full citations can be created.
     
    You informed me that you had no desire to ever work with me in the future and I accepted that but reminded you of your moral obligations to Alicia and Evan.
     
    To date you have done NOTHING to fulfill your moral obligations in this regard.  No symposium. No apology to Alicia.  No note to the academic community.
     
    I am attaching a copy of the review of Incomplete Nature from the New York Review of Books.  The author of that review goes much further than I in suggesting either deliberate lack of citations or laziness in sourcing.
     
    This is no way for a senior academic to behave.
     
    I am writing as the Director of the Institute for the Study of Coherence and Emergence, the research institute at which Alicia Juarrero is a senior fellow.  As a matter of academic record we MUST insist that you and UC Berkeley do something to correct the lack of citation problem. 
     
    Four months of silence is not an acceptable approach.
    I would appreciate a response in a timely manner

  • westernfields

    Thanks.  Since I have not read any of the books I cannot speak to the alleged overlap.  But your supposed communication with him addressing the lack of citation(s) certainly makes his originality of thought suspect.  At the same time, the force behind your aggression toward this issue is revealed by the proximity you have with the other(s) involved, thereby making your perspective a little less objective.

  • munibond

    westernfields:  I am NOT claiming objectivity here.  Institutionally I am trying to right a wrong done to one of my colleagues.

  • westernfields

    munibond:  Your colleagues are lucky to have such an ardent supporter in their corner.  Are they posting on here under a pseudonym advocating for themselves as vociferously as you?  Or are they under some kind of gag order so as to not muddy up a legal battle over intellectual property?  In any case, please forgive my quibbling over your semantics, but I don’t think it’s your place to “right a wrong” done to one of your colleagues.  The only person capable of correcting a wrong is the wrongdoer.  Instead, you seem to be advocating that the wrong BE corrected (if in fact a wrong had been committed) and are trying to do so through raising awareness; applying political, social, and professional pressure to admit to something YOU see as a wrong.

    Regardless, I think the title of this post is intriguing, which is why I read it in the first place.  I think it is possible that two (or more) people who either lived on each side of the earth or were next door neighbors, could make similar observations.  I could document the first rays of the morning and write copious notes about its progression until the final light-wave disappears.  You could do the same.  We then could write a paper and the logic and progression could eerily resemble each other.  If our lexicon had significant overlap, it would seem that we would use the same diction to describe what we had observed.  And BAM! our works would read like a bad deja vu.

    Now back to the case at hand.  I think it is possible that the alleged intellectual thievery could have just happened; that Deacon never read their books and his logic flowed parallel to theirs.  If this is the case, then I don’t see where he is under any obligation to acknowledge their work(s).  Even, as you assert, if he held conversations with them doesn’t exactly obligate him to cite when and where he conversed with them.  I know I don’t reference every little conversation I’ve had with people in everything I write.  That requirement would be asinine.

    But from what I understand you’re saying, Deacon shared more than just simple conversations with them, going so far as to have copies of their books open in front of him as he wrote his book (my words, not yours;).  If that is the case, that is shameful.  Yet if he didn’t, then I find no foul-play on his part and instead the wrongdoing falls upon you for your caustic criticisms.  Either way, I have no personal capital in how this turns out.  Good luck to all parties involved…

  • Socratease2

    Yes, it is true that misrepresentation knows no ideological bounds but for Romney to say “I have no memory of assaulting this kid in high school” makes his arrogance even more annoying. Does anyone out there think he truly does not remember?  If you agree, then I am guessing you are keen on having someone with early onset dementia in the white House.

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  • westernfields

     Socratease2:  What in the world does this have to do with this blog posting?  Regardless of its relevance, your conflated argument devolved into the ad hominem rheotric typical of drones…

  • Socratease2

    Suppedisne?

    The character and honesty of perhaps the next president is of great relevance, far more than the petty stakes brought up in this blog.The answer to your question would be “lying,” that is the connection
    between my comment and the blog. I didn’t realize this fluff forum had
    a “dress code” requiring relevancy. Do you read these comments often? I did not find the blog of much
    interest in the first place, it is an academic pissing contest of no
    relevance outside the egos of those involved.

    Interesting….you decry ad hominem attacks but then engage in the same acts yourself. So I guess you have a self-inflicted rhetorical wound, sounds painful. Is there a latin phrase for that?

    And you respond to people asking why they have contributed 40% of the posts (you calculated?) and that is meant to be a “substantive comment” on the topic at hand? Ignoratio Elenchi, yourself, you will be using it a lot in the CHE.

  • westernfields

    Holy smokes!  Let’s start a pissing-into-the-wind contest and see who can get the other the wettest.  First, if you want to use the standard of using any word to devolve into any topic you want, then talking with a schizophrenic would be more productive (not a personal attack.  Seriously, if talking with you means that you take anything said and rabbit trail it into a discussion about whatever in the hell is on your mind, then there is no purpose to the conversation).  Second, my question elicited why the poster (munibond) was pursuing this blog so aggressively.  He seemed to have a vested interest in showing/proving that T. Deacon had engaged in intellectual dishonesty, so I simply asked.  Guess what, it was more productive then your snide political drive-by hack job.  By learning it was one of his colleagues he was advocating for, I better understood the emotion behind each of his posts; to some degree giving him greater merit and in other areas less so.  His postings also helped expand the details that were not shared in the blog.

    My reference to you being a typical drone is not a personal attack.  It is, in my estimation, a matter of fact — your talking points are recycled comments entertained by all Obama supporters.  Which leads me to wonder how you are going to bend this post into a discussion on the Mayan Calendar and how a Romney victory will usher in the great apocalypse…

  • katisumas

    Sorry but I don’t care much about the mutual  arguments over what seems to be pretty much inconsequential matters but I love the name of your institute for the “Study of Coherence and Emergence”.   How are emergence and coherence linked to human experience?  Or do they just pertain to botany?  Please forgive my ignorance, I’m just a mere semiotician looking at signs as standing for something…. 

  • munibond

    katisumas

    We study social complexity theory — applications of the study of complex systems involving people. To paraphrase Edgar Morin: Complexity occurs when previously separate elements are organized into something new (eg a family, a firm, a group etc).  The something new is emergent (and is thus something more than  just the sum of the parts).  But, if the something new is to maintain its coherence then each of the previously discrete parts must give up some of its previous degrees of freedom (so the complex is both more and less than the some of the parts.)  The more is the emergent and is a product of enabling constraints.  The less occurs for the sake of coherence and is a product of restrictive constraints.  (Note the constraints language comes from Juarrero and the main point from Morin — unlike Deacon I cite my sources)

  • http://www.facebook.com/people/Adam-Dickes/866505187 Adam Dickes

    Well, this is a difficult one. To begin with it seems that most of the comments come from people who are either  totally uninformed or deeply partisan. I’m not an expert in the field, but I have read both and Deacon’s and Juarerro’s books and I have no axe to grind (honest!). 

    Part of problem, I think, comes from the promotional jacket of Incomplete Nature, which promises – as they all seem to these days – a revolutionary and original synthesis of ideas etc etc. and a bunch of testimonials from respected academics in complexity, such as Stuart Kauffman . But here’s the problem: it’s not. Really. That’s not to say it isn’t a really good synthesis, because it is. It collects a lot of ideas from complexity theory, and from other places as well (ahem, I think the ideas of Mary Midgely were also apparent early in the piece, but they weren’t credited either) and brings them together as a beautifully presented argument.

    If you read one book after the other, which I did, then it is pretty clear to me that one of them is a tentative, difficult to read exploration into uncharted waters which breaks new ground, while the other is a reflective overview of those same ideas. 

    I hate to say this, because Deacon’s thought, his writing, and his erudition all shine forth in his prose, and his book is a far more considered and balanced piece of work than the one it resembles so much. It fleshes out Juarerro’s ideas, extends them, and places them into a wider context. But, at its core, this is not an original book at all. Take away Midgely and Juarerro (and perhaps others I’m not aware of) and there isn’t much left that hasn’t been said many times before by various philosophers. 

    It could be a coincidence of course, but the sheer – and almost brutal  - originality of Juarerro’s ideas indicates that this is unlikely to be the case.

    So Incomplete Nature is a pop science book, a really good one, that should have made its sources of inspiration clearer, giving credit where it is due. 

  • richardtaborgreene

    Failure to know sources and failure to find sources and failure to cite sources–laziness, laziness or incompetence, and evil self aggrandisement and dishonesty—are the beginning flaws that our best colleges develop into full-blown massive historic scale theft—2008 by MBAs on Wall Street disproportionately educated at top 3 colleges of business.    A few more peccaddildos and this guy will qualify for chairman of Goldman Sacks (mis-spelling intended).   

  • corwinamber

    Without having read any of these books, can I ask if any of them cite Douglas Hofstader’s work on how mind emerges from matter? I will quote a brief Wikipedia entry below. I mention this because of two things: (1.) In some fields, I have been reading widely enough for so long that I may myself no longer remember when or if I first thought of an idea, as opposed to running across it somewhere in the work of someone else — there can be a genuine failure to recall the source of an idea [And are there really any new ideas?]. (2.) Is it Carl Becker who spoke of “climates of opinion” in history? I seem to recall my late father talking about that growing up, and this debate over originality and authorship could reflect a climate of opinion in related fields where instant Internet information makes the spread of ideas becoming memes. It may not excuse an incomplete literature search, but given the editorial delays between submitting a MS and getting the book out, there may be an explanation for that as well. :
    “I Am a Strange Loop is a 2007 book by Douglas Hofstadter, examining in depth the concept of a strange loop originally developed in his 1979 book Gödel, Escher, Bach.


    In the end, we are self-perceiving, self-inventing, locked-in mirages that are little miracles of self-reference.

  • speakersbenefit

    It seems as though a challenge has been set: can an idea be found in DIA which was first written about by someone else and not attributed? A lot rests on the claim in a prior comment as to the “almost brutal originality of Juarrero’s ideas.” This sound like hyperbole (and in fact a quick search of the OED indicates so, “Brutal (hyperbolical): extremely demanding of difficult.”)  
    Is it correct? 

  • http://www.facebook.com/people/Adam-Dickes/866505187 Adam Dickes

    Some ideas only become possible when a larger structure is available to support them. This concept was first proposed (as far as I know) in the twenties by Vygotsky as Theory Scaffolding. Since then, it’s been adapted to biology and culture with the Adjacent Possible hypothesis, which came about when people noticed how many inventions  and discoveries appeared simultaneously from independent researchers around the world. Basically, according to this theory, as soon as the pre-requisites exist, biological and conceptual innovations (such as flight or differential calculus) spontaneously emerge from the recombination of previous structures or ideas. Ironically, this is concept deeply related to complexity theory, which is the concern of Deacon’s book (and Hoefstaeder’s too). 

    While this nicely explains how scientific progress is really dependent on the academic community and not just the trail blazers, it doesn’t, in my opinion, get Deacon off the hook. When it coes to really new concepts, it seems to me that something really special happens, over and above the inevitable recombination of old ideas. Sometimes our conceptual understanding becomes static and unable to proceed, and only someone who can innovate in a truly idiosyncratic manner is able to show the way forward. Hofstaeder certainly did this in GEB, Juarerro did it again in Dynamics in Action. While their ideas are related, they are both truly original (and that goes for Strange Loops too). Unfortunately, the same can’t be said for Terence Deacon.

  • munibond

    speakersbenefit

    if it were only one or two or even three or four “ideas” there would be no issue.  It is the entire structure and pattern of Deacon’s argument and the examples he uses to back them up.  It is the equivalent of having seen an old movie more than a dozen times and then magically writing your own script which seems to have the same plot and funny the same visual clues why my goodness even some of the music in the background happens to coincide at similar points in the plot.  But of course despite having seen the old movie many times when asked you claim that all the thoughts were original and that any resemblances were superficial after all that movie was about WASPY housewives in Connecticut and your movie was about stressed out soccer moms in Silicon Valley.  That may be an acceptable argument in Hollywood but it is completely lacking in academic integrity.

    even if you leave out Juarrero there is still the issues of Thompson and Mark Graves (funny since Graves was a colleague of Deacon’s who sat in on many a Deacon seminar that Deacon would have never had the intellectual curiosity to even open Graves’ 2008 book never mind cite it)  or Nancy Murphy’s 2010 book which refers to the 2007 conference presentations by both Juarrero and Deacon or the total lack of references after 2005 (excepting himself) in a book written and published in 2011

    Berkeley has claimed it has high standards for academic integrity — unfortunately those standards are NOT embodied in the behavior of its chairman of the Anthropology department

  • munibond

    I return to my original suggestion (made in January) of how to make this “mess” better:

    Berkeley needs to hold a symposium where Deacon, Juarrero, and  Thompson (and perhaps Graves and Murphy) are all given opportunities to present and then they have a roundtable

    the event would be a very fruitful discussion of commonalities and differences and a properly cited academic monograph can result

    we all would be much better off from the resulting dialogue and learning and this “mess” can go down as “an unfortunate but seemingly necessary” step along the research path

    so Berkeley when can we have such an event?

  • DF

    At least Obama recalls giving that girl a shove in high school.  Remembered bullying is so much better, right?

  • DF

    Right after a session on the obvious plagiarism in Martin Luther King’s dissertation.

  • munibond

    DF

    academic integrity seems to be getting the short shrift in your world

    It is really quite simple.  Regardless of whether Deacon intentionally “borrowed” or not at best he was lazy or sloppy in looking at literature which he should have looked at IN THE NAME OF HIS OWN INTEGRITY before publishing an academic work.  Lazy, negligent or deliberate ends up in the same place — his work is FALSELY taking credit for ORIGINATING ideas which began with the work of others.  Deacon has every right to claim that he “built upon” those ideas.  If he wants claim to have been ignorant of them at the time of writing he surely is not ignorant of them now.  So give Juarrero, Thompson, Graves and Murphy their due acknowledgement.

    This “affair” is only “messy” because Deacon refuses to even acknowledge that the others’ work SHOULD HAVE BEEN ACKNOWLEDGED and for whatever reason was not.  The “great man” is unwilling to acknowledge error and instead is claiming that it is he who is hurt by the fuss being raised.

    It is very similar to Bill Clinton lying to the country about Monica Lewinsky and then refusing to admit that he made a mistake.  That seemed to require getting impeached and putting the country through a huge trauma when a simple apology would have sufficed.

    Those who are “defending” Deacon should give pause to think about what their position says about academic integrity and about the idea of generosity of spirit.  Clearly hubris seems to be rearing its ugly head when a bit of humility would work much much better.

  • ajuarrero

    I’ve preferred to allow a close reading of the two books and the spreadsheet to speak for themselves, but since speakersbenefit lays out this challenge, I’ll be the first to answer it. Two books I should have been aware of when I wrote Dynamics in Action: Robert Rosen’s Anticipatory Systems and especially Scott Kelso’s Dynamic Patterns. Mea culpa again to Scott (I told him as much in person in Antwerp many years ago).

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  • munibond

    Jerry Fodor chimes in via the London Review of Books see http://emergence.org/Fodor-Deacon-LRB.pdf

  • munibond

    In response to the many people who have contacted me to ask here is the original Lissack-Deacon correspondence of January 24 2012:

    From Lissack to Deacon:

    Terry

    It has been a long time since we met in person (Esalen 2003).  I just finished reading Incomplete Nature: How Mind Emerged from Matter  and while the work is impressive, I found some patterns in it very disturbing.
    To be rather blunt to my eye it appears that you have made extensive use of the works of Alicia Juarrero and Evan Thompson without the appropriate attribution.  Entire passages in your book follow the same argumentation line Juarrero employed in Dynamics in Action and Thompson used in Between Ourselves.  I must remind you that I handed out copies of Dynamics in Action while at the Esalen meeting and discussed it and Between Ourselves rather extensively with both you and Evan while we were at Esalen together.  Perhaps the interval of 7-8 years meant that you retained only the highlights of those discussions but those very highlights seem integral to your argument in Incomplete Nature.
    Given my deep respect for your work, I was rather shocked to discover that you would somehow appropriate the works of these two scholars and represent it without acknowledgement or attribution.  I recognize that in many societies imitation is the highest form of flattery but in senior academic circles this kind of use without credit is more tantamount to theft than to flattery.  At a minimum it appears that your research assistants have failed to consult the web to check on your sourcing.  At worst the work gives the appearance of seeking to improperly benefit from the impressive work of others.
    Our joint attendance at Esalen is a matter of public record.  My heavy promotion of Juarrero’s work at that time is also a matter of easy documentation.  Your access to Evan at the conference is also a matter of public record.
    I would strongly urge you to revisit your notes and to run some simple plagiarism checks comparing your book to the other two.  That you have NOT quoted line by line without citation is easily shown but so too are the deep parallels between your work and the works of the other two.
    As a senior scholar I would have hoped that you would have found it within yourself to both acknowledge your sources and to celebrate the use you have been able to make of Alicia and Evan’s work. 
    Attribution and dialogue are sorely needed now.

    Deacon’s response:

    Dear Michael Lissack,

    I do not know your motives, but I find this to be a remarkably viciousattack, that I obviously can’t let stand, especially now that you haveattempted to damage my career in this way. The accusations you make haveno basis in truth. I have never read Juarraro’s book and have only juststarted reading Evan’s most recent book (only a few pages in) and didn’tknow his other book that you cite. Indeed, I just purchased Evan’s recentbook and Juarraro’s book from Amazon. I don’t doubt that there may becertain parallels, but I expect that they are superficial or else widelyshared. I have developed this work with constant back and forthdiscussions with a very wide body of colleagues around the world over thecourse of a decade, and have presented these ideas in various states ofdevelopment at innumerable meetings since shortly after my book TheSymbolic Species was published. All who have ever worked with me will, Iam certain, vouch for my academic integrity and intellectual independence.Also, since there were others at the Esalen meeting you cite who have alsofollowed the development of my work before and after that meeting, I amsure that they can also assure you that there was little that I havedirectly borrowed from works presented there. Indeed, I presentedsignificant parts of the theory laid out in my book at that meeting,material which apparently you have not remembered. You have now made thischarge in a way that is clearly aimed at damaging my intellectualreputation and my career. And you have done so without directly contactingme first or checking with others about the facts. I don’t know whatrecourse you leave me but to defend my honor using what resources I haveavailable to me.

    Sincerely, Terrence Deacon

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  • manjeetchaturvedi

    A classic example of ‘great people think alike’ is of Charles Darwin and 
    Alfred Russell Wallace theorizing evolution of species.

  • Socratease2

    “My reference to you being a typical drone is not a personal attack.”

    Yes, and war is peace and freedom is slavery. Good luck in the coming Rompocalypse.

  • Dr_Zachary_Smith

    Or as Charles Fort said, long before “the Adjacent Possible,” “it’s steam engines when it’s steam engine time.” 

  • susansingh

    Plagiarism is no excuse when all you have to do is be honest.  However, how many times have individuals come up with words that they honestly thought were really their own?  No one is perfect.

  • bryansutton

    I better understood the emotion behind each of his posts; to some degree
    giving him greater merit and in other areas less so.  His postings also
    helped expand the details that were not shared in the blog.http://www.newerade.com/kappe-nhl-c-52.html” rel=”nofollow”>kappe
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  • http://www.facebook.com/people/Adam-Dickes/866505187 Adam Dickes

    Watch out straw men, Jerry is on the attack again!

  • chest222nut

    All this anthropology concepts are outlined here http://www.highqualitypapers.net/arts/anthropology-2-184.html

  • munibond

    Deacon seems to think it is personal rather than a matter of academic integrity.  His inability or unwillingness to actually discuss what he believes to be differences between his work and that of Juarrero and Thompson unfortunately speaks volumes.  I am sure the academic community would welcome such a discussion (Juarrero says X, I say Y, Thompson says Z, I say A).  Instead we get the following:

    On 5/22/12 4:48 AM, “deacon@berkeley.edu” wrote:
    > Dear colleagues,>> You are one of hundreds who have received emails about me and my work> from Michael Lissack. I have compiled this long list of emails from only one> of his many broadcast emails to anyone he believes might be susceptible to> his game of slander. I do not know if you have received other defaming emails> from him, but if you have, you have probably guessed that he has> decided to do everything he can to defame me to you my many colleagues> throughout the world and to use his ill-gotten millions to both attack my> scholarship and my character in a very public and vicious way.>> As for the reviews of my book that he selects to broadcast, I do not mind> that some  people consider my new book threatening enough to want to critique> it. Indeed, such intellectual heat suggests to me that I have struck a> nerve. I think that it is becoming obvious that they do protest too much.> And this I hope will get people to read it and judge for themselves. I> have no doubt that my work will stand the test of time, for its> originality, scholarship, and significance. So I welcome serious> comparison and criticism.>> But I write for another reason.> Mr. Lissack is engaging in a ruthless campaign of character assassination.> If this is the first email you have received from him, it almost certainly> won’t be the last. Now that he has your email on his list I have little> doubt that he will continue to send you whatever he can find to defame me> in your eyes. Besides sending emails to hundreds of recipients like yourself> that he hopes will innocently spread his accusations without checking, he> has influenced the publication of scathing reviews and has spread rumors> of scandal to many sites and journal editors. He is savvy and without> scruples and he has very deep pockets.>> Those of you who know me will see this for what it is – a form of> intellectual slander – and I hope will not let it pass. But for those who> don’t know me I urge you to not let this kind of thing go unchallenged. If> we let the likes of people like Lissack succeed in infiltrating the world> of scholarship with this kind of personal vendetta masquerading as> intellectual dispute it will open the door to a very ugly future. Will> careful analysis and serious debate over ideas be replaced by character> attacks, scandalous inuendos, and disinformation in an effort to discredit> the work of others? We have come to accept this dishonesty in our> politics. I hope that we will reject it in the the pursuit of knowledge.> You don’t have to know me or know my work to stand against this. This use> of the electronic media to spread disinformation and invent scandal in> order to destroy one’s opponents is a growing danger that we dare not> ignore. I am the target today, but … Please do not be complicit by your> silence.>> Thank you.> Sincerely, Terry Deacon>

  • munibond

    Berkeley’s response:

    Dear Mr. Lissack,
    I am writing to acknowledge receipt of your recent messages concerning publications by Professor Deacon.  I have requested a legal review of your messages, and I will write to you more fully when that review has been completed.
    As the Vice Provost for the Faculty, I have primary responsible for questions concerning faculty conduct.  You need not copy others at Berkeley in order to raise such questions.
    Sincerely yours,
    Janet BroughtonVice Provost for the Faculty

  • praymont

    Sure, sometimes great minds think alike with respect to exciting, new ideas. Newton and Leibniz on the calculus, and Darwin and Wallace on natural selection. Note, though, that Darwin DID refer to Wallace in The Origin of Species. Darwin came up with the crucial ideas first BUT once he knew that someone else had arrived at a similar set of notions, he publicly acknowledged as much. Let’s suppose that Professor Deacon was not much influenced by others in formulating the main ideas in his new book. Still, once it was brought to his attention that others had written along similar lines, he ought to have acknowledged that fact and explained how his own views, while resembling these other theories in some respects, differed from them, too.

  • http://www.facebook.com/people/Bruno-Tenório-Coelho/100001392663930 Bruno Tenório Coelho

    Now someone is bothered because two or three books have similiar ideias. Maybe the wrong winner get applauses, so what? We have ideias, thinkers and discussion. Originality is more important? Reviewers of book aparently like to create furor, much because it’s not about writing, but about status too.

  • munibond

    Deacon posted the following at:
    http://joyuscrynoid.hubpages.com/hub/DeaconIncompleteNature-Review.

    Terrence Deacon 17 hours agoDear Joyous Crynoid,Though I generally avoid interacting in blog forums, I feel the need to do so here. You have done an excellent job of reviewing my book. One of the best that I’ve read so far. Thank you for working so hard to accurately summarize my reasoning and to make the effort to try to understand the motivations behind this approach. And I also appreciate your divulging your own theoretical bias as well. I think that the interesting contrasts and parallels you draw are illuminating, even though they are unlikely to alter our divergent metaphysical commitments.But I am mostly writing because I wish you had applied same level of careful analysis to the highly charged claims and pseudo-evidence sent to you by Lissack and Juarrero before including it at the end of your review. I wish you had actually read her book and done the comparison for yourself rather than just accepting it a face value. Unfortunately, by following up your careful and detailed review by merely parroting their claims and passing on their suggested URLs without a similarly careful comparison I feel that you have done me and your readers a disservice.Though I had not read her book prior to finishing my book, I have been reading her work since. She has indeed done excellent work synthesizing Kant, dynamical systems theory, and issues of consciousness. It is now clear that she recognized some of these connections well before me. But it will not take a very detailed reading to notice that our assumptions, arguments, and purposes are ultimately quite different. I don’t harbor the illusion that my ideas have never been entertained before by others. Indeed, I suspect that intellectual synchronicity is the rule not the exception, though the stronger claims of identity are easy to refute if one reads the books.Having done such a careful job explaining exactly how my analysis demonstrates the inadequacy of the dynamical systems approach, you wii easily be able to recognize a critical difference. Juarrero ultimately believes that dynamical systems thinking is sufficient. Her work relies heavily on ideas that are quite opposite from those that are at the heart of my work — Ideas like Wholes being more that the sum of their parts, wholes constraining their parts, top-down causality, and her assumption that autocatalysis (=autopoiesis) exemplifies the basic logic behind life and mind. Thus the morphodynamic / teleodynamic distinction which is so central to my theory is not even recognized in her work. So whereas I argue that we need to go beyond the dynamical systems paradigm if we are to make progress toward understanding the distinctiveness of life and mind, she does not.There are, of course, a great many other problems that I struggle with that are not discussed in her book, and many philosophical issues that concern her but do not interest me. Perhaps some of the differences in focus can be traced to the difference between a scientific and a philosophical approach, and even our difference in philosophical commitments are likely relevant — her’s with Kant, mine with Peirce.I have no problem admitting that there are a large number of thinkers pursuing similar paths that I have overlooked in my preparations (some of which you also identify). At some point one needs to decide when to stop reading and get something down on paper. The relevant literature is vast when you consider the scope of my book — from emergence theory to thermodynamics to systems theory to origins of life and DNA to work to reformulating information theory to grounding semiotics to speculating about the nature of mind — and I believe that my citations and references reflect a serious effort to do this vast sweep of topics justice. Inevitably I did not read or cite many relevant books and papers that a more encyclopedic work might have. Since the publication of the book I have been been trying to follow up on these many suggestions of parallel theories and competing paradigms, and I am indeed finding this to be a rich field, though sadly more in philosophy than in the sciences. I notice for example that recently many quite notable philosophers of science have struggled with the comparison between Kant’s notion of self-organization and the modern dynamical systems view — as does Juarrero — however the majority seem to have also overlooked her work as I have. So I agree that her work deserves better attention than it has received.Despite this effort to attack my academic integrity, I will treat Juarrero’s work with the intellectual respect it deserves. For example, I have recently submitted a paper (already accepted for publication) in which I explore some of the similarities and differences between our theories as well as discussing how both approaches compare with a few others whose work was not discussed in my book (e.g. Thompson). Perhaps this reflects my naive trust in the old ideal of published intellectual discourse, focused on ideas, pursued in academic venues.In the mean time I reiterate my request: please take the time do the comparison yourself, and with the same care that you have exhibited in this review of my book. Yes there are similarities, but I am certain that with similar attention to detail your appraisal of the independence and originality of my work will not suffer by such a comparison. And it may even provide an interesting subject for a future blog ;-)Thank you.Sincerely, Terry Deacon

  • Historicism

    Fodor and McGinn say pretty much the same things, but Fodor shows that you don’t have to be blunt and bullying to be devastating.

    Two more examples of this type of review - 
    Fodor on EO Wilson: http://www.lrb.co.uk/v20/n21/jerry-fodor/look
    McGinn on VS Ramachandran: http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2011/mar/24/can-brain-explain-your-mind

    (The Nabokovian symmetry is a mystery.)

  • munibond

    The latest to and from Berkeley.

    Professor Broughton
     
    We are indeed alleging the intentional misappropriation of the writings of others.  While my email to Prof. Deacon of Jan 27 suggested that the word plagiarism was too strong (where I take plagiarism in its literal sense to be the use of exact langauge) the idea chains and overlaps with Juarrero Thompson etc are too strong to have been mere coincidence.
     
    My January 27th email was written in attempt to arrive at an acceptable compromise.  Professor Deacon has rejected that compromise.  My investigations subsequent to January 27th lead me to the inescapable conclusion that Deacons’ actions were either intentional or grossly negligent.  To claim originality and uniqueness in the face of overwhelming evidence that neither is the case is simply DISHONEST.  If it is your (and thus the University’s) policy to consider violations of intellectual honesty to not include continual repetition of claims of originality which are incorrect and fail to make proper attribution then it is a sad day for academic integrity.  Integrity includes apologizing for negligence.
     
    We at ISCE are firmly of the belief that Terrence Deacon has violated any reasonable standard of academic integrity and has INTENTIONALLY misappropriated the works of others which he has then claimed as his own without attribution.  Your Code of Conduct includes the following standards which we believe Professor Deacon has violated “Professors make every reasonable effort to foster honest academic conduct. They accept the obligation to exercise critical self-discipline and judgment in using, extending, and transmitting knowledge. They practice intellectual honesty.”
    We are of the opinion Terrence Deacon has NOT been intellectually honest.  The University may desire to avoid dealing with this issue for political and budgetary reasons.  That quite frankly is its own violation of intellectual honesty
     
    Once again I implore you to actually read the works in question.  The overlap and appropriation will be obvious (as they were to Thompson, McGinn, Fodor, Juarrero and James Coffman).
     
    please acknowledge receipt of the above and please confirm that you understand that indeed we are formally accusing Terrence Deacon of intentional misappropriation.
     
    as one of my research fellows stated “In my estimation, Terrence Deacon, whom I have never met, is a liar and a thief who stole from the work of others, including me, thinking that    he could get away with it.  Now that he has been caught, he is playing the victim, frantically backpedaling in a desperate effort to save his reputation.”
     
    please note further that your tentative decision below may be of legal standing as far as UC Berkeley goes but that we will continue to do what we can to get this matter of academic integrity addressed, the University can play whatever role it likes in that effort, but the effort will continue until the matter has been corrected with or without the University’s cooperation
     
    I feel a need to copy this note rather broadly.

    On Sun, May 27, 2012 at 3:38 PM, Janet Broughton wrote:

    Dear Mr. Lissack,

    This responds to your various communications regarding Professor Terrence Deacon and his book /Incomplete Nature: How Mind Emerged from Matter./After careful review of the material you provided, I have concluded that the information available to me does not warrant appointment of an Investigative Officer under our campus faculty disciplinary procedures.The conduct you have alleged would not constitute a violation of the University of California’s Faculty Code of Conduct.

    The Code defines unacceptable conduct in the realm of scholarship to include “[v]iolations of canons of intellectual honesty, such as research misconduct and/or intentional misappropriation of the writings, research, and findings of others.”UC Berkeley policy defines “research misconduct” as “fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism.” You have not alleged fabrication or falsification; thus an allegation of either plagiarism or intentional misappropriation of writings, research, or findings of others would be required to constitute a basis for appointment of an Investigative Officer.In the communications you have sent me, however, you have expressly disclaimed making allegations of plagiarism or intentional misappropriation.For example, in your January 27, 2012 e-mail to Professor Deacon you wrote that “use of ‘plagiarism’ was much too strong a word.I regret the pain which my use of the word must have caused you.The way forward here is NOT to evoke that word.”In the same email, you stated: “I do believe (and have from the beginning) that you have not done anything here with nefarious intent.”

    You have proposed that Professor Deacon should publicly acknowledge certain contributions of other scholars and should participate in seminars with those scholars.Please be aware that if Professor Deacon should decline to take these steps, this would not subject him to disciplinary action.

    Finally, your May 22, 2012 email states that the Institute for Study of Coherence and Emergence “is making this complaint as the copyright holder.”In your May 23 email you state that “we at ISCE believe this to be a matter of ethics and integrity more than a matter of law.”My understanding is thus that ISCE is not raising a legal claim of copyright infringement.If I am wrong about that, please let me know, and I will ask the University’s lawyers to respond.

    Sincerely yours,

    Janet BroughtonVice Provost for the Faculty

  • munibond

    I have posted links to all the relevant material at http://theterrydeaconaffair.com

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