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October 30, 2009, 02:37 PM ET
The Latest File-Sharing Piracy: Academic Journals
Illicit file sharing isn’t just for kids these days. Once mainly used for downloading pirated music, sites have sprung up on the Internet that allow free swapping of academic journals (think Napster’s younger dweeby brother).
A new study, published in the Internet Journal of Medical Informatics, looks at a site aimed specifically at medical professionals and students and finds that thousands of people were obtaining non-open-access materials free of charge. The article says that in a six-month period of watching the unnamed site, nearly 5,500 articles were exchanged, costing journals about $700,000 in that time, or about $1.4-million a year.
The site had 127,626 registered users, who during the study period put in requests for 6,587 journals. There was an 83 percent success rate in finding the article. Nature and Science were the most commonly swapped journals.
The article does not focus on the ethical implications but does say, “In the field of medicine, ethics plays a pivotal role, and yet the site displays activities by medical students, teachers, and practicing professionals that are ethically dubious.”
Wired Campus reported earlier this week about another attempt to give more access to subscription journal articles. This effort, called Deep Dyve, is a legal rental program that allows users to access articles for a set amount of time with a fee.


Comments
1. dwlewis - October 30, 2009 at 03:50 pm
So why is this surprising. Coorporate publishers have been raising prices at double digit rates for three decades on a good that they neither create or review, and these days they don't even print it or mail it. You can purchase an Elsevier article for $35 or so, what a deal! Now if printable PDFs were available form the iTunes store for 99 cents maybe the rate of "theft" would go down. Of course the right answer to the problem is to use open access. I'm betting there was no recorded theft from PLOS.
2. billso - October 30, 2009 at 05:07 pm
Charing more than $5 for a research article seems excessive.
3. tulsadean - October 30, 2009 at 05:55 pm
On another topic, why the tasteless parenthetical remark about dweebs? Isn't scholarship what we do in the academy? It's a ridiculous, immature comment for a professional publication.
4. stevefoerster - October 30, 2009 at 06:55 pm
There's nothing ethically dubious about sharing knowledge. Clearly it's to the benefit of humankind for this sort of material to be made as widely available as possible. And there's no realistic argument that without publishers the research wouldn't take place. These publishers are middlemen with a business model that doesn't work in twenty-first century. Good riddance.
5. floatingbones - October 31, 2009 at 01:05 am
These people are sounding like the RIAA with the numbers they quote. They may be deceptive. For example, if I wish to access papers I must physically go with my computer to the institute that I'm affiliated with. Hypothetically, it might be easier for me to simply locate a paper at one of those sharing sites. I don't do that, but it's easy to imagine many who might. While such downloads might violate the letter of the law, they are indeed papers that the individual is entitled to get access to.
The challenge for the publishers is to ensure that access is easy for the people who do have access. Making inflated claims about things being "stolen" from them will do nothing to advance that cause.
The RIAA already tried that; they failed miserably. There is no cheese at the end of that path.
6. mbelvadi - November 02, 2009 at 08:55 am
I'll be the first to agree that the for-profit academic journal publishing business model is broken, but at the same time there is wholesale copyright infringement going on. We recently found out that some of our campus user passwords had been compromised, and people in China and Russia were using them to download massive quantities of Amer Chem Society journal articles - by massive, I mean likely systematically, e,g. every article in every issue sequentially. It was the ACS that caught the activity and contacted us. When we started looking more closely at our proxy server logs, we found illegal accesses also coming from various European countries (contacting the particular account holders whose passwords we had to reset confirmed that they were not legit accesses).
7. jefflang80 - November 03, 2009 at 02:39 pm
It's highly unlikely that the journals involved suffered a $700,000 loss as the summary quotes. That number assumes that everyone who received an article through the service would have purchased the article. It's more likely the case that the recipients would not have read the article, or would have gotten it through different means (for example, through their local library).
This fallacy can be found in much of the reporting about piracy (movies, music) and over states the value of the services that the content producers provide.
8. diogenesc - November 07, 2009 at 11:52 am
This suffers from the same problem as other forms of digital sharing: it's perfectly legal for me to give a paper copy of an article to a colleague. Why should giving them a pdf be any different?
I suspect the journals will do about as well in their efforts as the RIAA has.
9. paul_a - November 07, 2009 at 08:02 pm
As a lay person I have never figured out why these papers written mainly by people paid for by the tax payer are not freely available? I have spend at least US$500+ getting medical papers when our baby son Casper was in hospital to try and educate myself on his condition and all the different approaches taken in different parts of the world. It is obscene....
10. kentanderson - November 12, 2009 at 10:21 am
Why the Chronicle didn't dig deeper and identify the site perplexed me, so I dug in a bit more and called out for crowd-sourced knowledge, and the file-sharing site has been identified. You can read my criticism of the Chronicle's "echo chamber" post and discover the name of the file-sharing site at:
http://bit.ly/AsOHg
11. drgunn - November 19, 2009 at 05:12 pm
Paul_a and others -
You'll be happy to know that there's a mandate going in effect in 2010 that all NIH-finded research be placed in a open access repository. Myself and others are working hard to get as many people as possible to comply and to promote the accessibility of these repositories.
You should probably hug the next academic librarian you see for their efforts in this regard, as well.
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