Turning Research -- Slowly -- Into Riches

Technology transfer gains a foothold at European universities

First came private fund raising. Then tuition. Now, yet another American higher-education export -- the commercialization of university inventions -- is taking hold here on the Continent.

It has been 25 years since the Bayh-Dole Act began spurring American universities to patent inventions made by their faculty members, and nearly 10 years since the phenomenon began to sweep across universities in England