Should I Have Asked John to Cool It? Standards of Reason in the Classroom

By MICHAEL BERUBE

The class started off innocuously enough. We were in our fifth week of an undergraduate honors seminar, reading Ishmael Reed's 1972 novel, Mumbo Jumbo, and I was starting to explain how the novel is built on a series of deliberate anachronisms, on the way to asking what these tropes from the 1960s were doing in a novel ostensibly set during the Harlem Renaissance. I began in an obvious (though always fun) place, with Abdul Hamid's encounter with PaPa LaBas at a rent party, where Abdul