'Integration,' not 'Diversity'

In December 1997, Barbara Grutter brought a lawsuit challenging the constitutionality of the University of Michigan Law School's admissions policy. In June 2003 the United States Supreme Court issued its opinion in Grutter v. Bollinger, definitively rejecting that challenge. I served as dean of the law school throughout the five-and-one-half-year litigation, and my role gave me many opportunities to reflect on the different factors that have made affirmative action such a difficult

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